Journal Article

Host-microbiota-parasite interactions in two wild sparid fish species, Diplodus annularis and Oblada melanura (Teleostei, Sparidae) over a year: a pilot study

Desdevises, Yves, Sanchez-Brosseau, Sophie, Magnanou, Elodie, Scheifler, Mathilde

2023

Overview

Background The microbiota in fish external mucus is mainly known for having a role in homeostasis and protection against pathogens, but recent evidence suggests it is also involved in the host-specificity of some ectoparasites. In this study, we investigated the influence of seasonality and environmental factors on both fish external microbiota and monogenean gill ectoparasites abundance and diversity and assessed the level of covariations between monogenean and bacterial communities across seasons. To do so, we assessed skin and gill microbiota of two sparid species, Oblada melanura and Diplodus annularis , over a year and collected their specific monogenean ectoparasites belonging to the Lamellodiscus genus. Results Our results revealed that diversity and structure of skin and gill mucus microbiota were strongly affected by seasonality, mainly by the variations of temperature, with specific fish-associated bacterial taxa for each season. The diversity and abundance of parasites were also influenced by seasonality, with the abundance of some Lamellodiscus species significantly correlated to temperature. Numerous positive and negative correlations between the abundance of given bacterial genera and Lamellodiscus species were observed throughout the year, suggesting their differential interaction across seasons. Conclusions The present study is one of the first to demonstrate the influence of seasonality and related abiotic factors on fish external microbiota over a year. We further identified potential interactions between gill microbiota and parasite occurrence in wild fish populations, improving current knowledge and understanding of the establishment of host-specificity.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Abiotic factor / Abiotic factors / Abundance / Bacteria / Binomial distribution / Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology / Biochimie, biophysique & biologie moléculaire / Biodiversity and Ecology / Biological Microscopy / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Diplodus annularis / Discriminant analysis / Ecosystem components / Ectoparasites / Environmental factors / Environmental Sciences / Environmental sciences & ecology / Fish / Fish populations / Generalized linear models / Health aspects / Homeostasis / Host specificity / Host-parasite relationships / Immune system / Immunity / Lamellodiscus / Life Sciences / Metabarcoding / Microbiologie / Microbiology / Microbiology and Parasitology / Microbiota / Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) / Microorganisms / Mucus / Mycology / Oblada melanura / Parasites / Parasitism / Parasitology / Pathogens / Salinity / Saurischia / Sciences de l’environnement & écologie / Sciences du vivant / Seasonal fluctuation / Seasonal variations / Seasons / Skin / Teleost fish / Variance analysis / Veganism / Virology