Journal Article

Xanthohumol inhibits PRRSV proliferation and alleviates oxidative stress induced by PRRSV via the Nrf2–HMOX1 axis

Zhao, Yongxiang, Jiang, Ping, Nauwynck, Hans, Bai, Juan, Liu, Xuewei, Song, Zhongbao

2019

Overview

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a prevalent and endemic swine pathogen that causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry. Commercial vaccines provide limited protection against this virus, and no highly effective therapeutic drugs are yet available. In this study, we first screened a library of 386 natural products and found that xanthohumol (Xn), a prenylated flavonoid found in hops, displayed high anti-PRRSV activity by inhibiting PRRSV adsorption onto and internalization into cells. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that Xn treatment stimulates genes associated with the antioxidant response in the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway. Xn causes increased expression of Nrf2, HMOX1, GCLC, GCLM, and NQO1 in Marc-145 cells. The action of Xn against PRRSV proliferation depends on Nrf2 in Marc-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). This finding suggests that Xn significantly inhibits PRRSV proliferation and decreases viral-induced oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2–HMOX1 pathway. This information should be helpful for developing a novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against PRRSV infection.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Adsorption / Animals / antioxidant activity / Antioxidants (Nutrients) / Backup software / Biological products industry / Cell Line / Chlorocebus aethiops / Cytotoxicity / Experiments / Flavonoids / Flavonoids - administration & dosage / Gene expression / Genes / Genotype & phenotype / Health aspects / Heme Oxygenase-1 - genetics / Heme Oxygenase-1 - metabolism / Hogs / hops / Humulus - chemistry / Immunology / Infections / Libraries / Life Sciences / Macrophages / Macrophages, Alveolar - drug effects / Macrophages, Alveolar - virology / Medical research / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Microbiology / Natural products / NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - genetics / NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism / Novels / Oxidative stress / Oxidative Stress - drug effects / pathogens / Plant Extracts - administration & dosage / Plant Extracts - chemistry / Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome / Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus / Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - drug effects / Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - physiology / Pork industry / Propiophenones - administration & dosage / Research Article / Risk factors / signal transduction / Sus scrofa / Swine / therapeutics / Transcription factors / transcriptomics / Vaccines / Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science / Virology / virus replication / Virus Replication - drug effects / Viruses