Journal Article

Synergistic action of bacteriophage and metabolites of Pseudomonas fluorescens JB3B and Streptomyces thermocarboxydus 18PM against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus and their biofilm

Waturangi, Diana Elizabeth, Rizkinata, Denny, Yulandi, Adi

2024

Overview

Background Foodborne disease and food spoilage are the prime public health issue and food security round the globe. Significant disease outbreaks mostly linked to the existence of pathogenic bacteria that extremely challenging due to the persistence of biofilm-forming. Proteins and bacterial metabolites have been shown to have good antibacterial activity and effectively removal bacterial biofilm. Recently, bacteriophage and their encoded lytic proteins such as lysin have attracted attention as potential alternative agent to control undesirable pathogens in human body infection, increasing food safety as advance preservations and medical treatment such as phage therapy. For these reasons, the efficacy of bacteriophage and their potential in combination with bacterial metabolites from Phyllosphere and Actinomycetes bacteria ( Pseudomonas fluorescens JB3B and Streptomyces thermocarboxydus 18PM crude extracts) was the aim of this present study. Results In this study, bacteriophage BC-VP (1.28  ±  0.29 × 10 11 PFU/ml) and ETEC-phage-TG (8.9  ±  2.19 × 10 8 PFU/ml) isolated from artificial lake water from previous study showed potential activity to control Bacillus cereus (BC) and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) population. The combination of BC-VP with metabolite ( P. fluorescens JB3B and S. thermocarboxydus 18PM) which were known from previous study had antibiofilm activities were able to inhibit (86.1%; 83.3%) and destruct (41%; 45.5%) biofilm formation of B. cereus respectively. Likewise, the synergy of bacteriophage ETEC-phage-TG with the same crude extract also showed promising activity against biofilm of ETEC with percentage of inhibition (81.9%; 76.4%) and percentage of destruction (54.1%; 44.4%). Application in various food, combination of BC-VP and bacterial metabolite extract ( P. fluorescens JB3B; S. thermocarboxydus 18PM) were able to reduce Bacillus cereus population in mashed potato (99.6%; 99.4%) at cold temperature (4 °C) and (68.9%; 56.6%) at room temperature (28 °C), boiled pasta (99.5%; 99.4%) and (84.7%; 75.7%), also soymilk (96.9%; 96.7%) and (42.4%; 39.4%) respectively. Likewise, combination of ETEC-phage-TG and bacterial metabolite ( P. fluorescens JB3B; S. thermocarboxydus 18PM) potentially reduced ETEC population after two different temperatures (4 °C and 28 °C) incubation in bean sprouts (TFTC; TFTC) and (47.5%; 49.1%), chicken meat (TFTC; TFTC) and (58.1%; 54%), also minced beef (99.5%; 99.4%) and (41.1%; 28%). GC-MS determination performed, oxalic acid, phenol, phenylethyl alcohol, N-hexadecanoic acid, and pyrolol[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexadro-3-92-methylpropyl was the most active compound in P. fluorescens JB3B. 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, phenyl acetic acid, N-Hexadecanoic acid, pyrolol[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexadro-3-92-methylpropyl, and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was most active compound in the S. thermocarboxydus 18PM isolates. Conclusions The combination of isolated bacteriophages and bacterial metabolite showed promising results to be used as biocontrol candidate to overcome biofilm formed by foodborne and food spoilage bacteria using their ability to produce antibiofilm compounds and lytic activity. In addition, this combination also potentially reduces the use or replace the drawbacks of common application such as antibiotic treatment.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Acetic acid / Acids / Actinomycetes / Analysis / Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology / Antibacterial activity / Antibacterial agents / Antibiofilm / Antibiotics / Artificial lakes / Bacillus cereus / Bacillus cereus - drug effects / Bacillus cereus - virology / Bacteria / Bacterial metabolites / Bacteriophage / Bacteriophages / Bacteriophages - physiology / Beansprouts / Biofilm / Biofilms / Biofilms - drug effects / Biofilms - growth & development / Biological control / Biological Microscopy / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate / Coliforms / Control / Diketones / Dioctyl phthalate / Disease / E coli / Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli - drug effects / Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli - physiology / Epidemics / Escherichia coli / Executives / Food / Food contamination & poisoning / Food Microbiology / Food preservation / Food safety / Food security / Food spoilage / Food supply / Foodborne disease / Foodborne diseases / Foodborne pathogens / Health aspects / Health services / Identification and classification / Indonesia / Infection / Lakes / Life Sciences / Medical research / Medical treatment / Medicine, Experimental / Metabolites / Microbial mats / Microbiology / Mycology / Organic acids / Oxalates / Oxalic acid / Palmitic acid / Parasitology / Pests / Phages / Phenols / Phenylethyl alcohol / Phyllosphere / Potatoes / Proteins / Pseudomonas fluorescens / Pseudomonas fluorescens - drug effects / Pseudomonas fluorescens - virology / Public health / Pyrazine / Pyrazines / Room temperature / Safety and security measures / Saturated fatty acids / Soybean milk / Spoilage / Streptococcus infections / Streptomyces / Streptomyces - physiology / Streptomyces - virology / Temperature / Virology