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Palmitic acid in the sn-2 position decreases glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion in healthy adults
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Palmitic acid in the sn-2 position decreases glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion in healthy adults
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Journal Article
Palmitic acid in the sn-2 position decreases glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion in healthy adults
2014
Overview
Background/objectives:
Dietary triacylglycerols (TAGs) containing palmitic acid in the
sn
-2 position might impair insulin release and increase plasma glucose. We tested this hypothesis by comparing postprandial responses to fats with varying proportions of palmitic acid in the
sn
-2 position.
Subjects/methods:
Using a crossover-designed randomized controlled trial in healthy men (
n
=25) and women (
n
=25), we compared four meals on postprandial changes in glucose (primary outcome), insulin, C-peptide, glucose, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and polypeptide YY (PYY) concentrations. The meals provided 14 g protein, 85 g carbohydrate and 50 g test fat, supplied as high oleic sunflower (HOS) oil (control), palm olein (PO), interesterified palm olein (IPO) and lard containing 0.6, 9.2, 39.1 and 70.5 mol% palmitic acid at
sn
-2, respectively.
Results:
No differences in plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide response between meals were found. GIP release was lower (
P
<0.001) for IPO and lard compared with HOS and PO meals; the maximal increments (geometric mean and 95% confidence interval) for HOS, PO, IPO and lard were 515 (468, 569), 492 (448, 540), 398 (350, 452) and 395 (364, 429) ng/l, respectively. There was a trend for the postprandial increase in PYY to be lower in women on the IPO and lard meals than those on the HOS and PO meals.
Conclusions:
Dietary TAGs with an increased proportion of palmitic acid in the
sn-
2 position do not have acute adverse effects on the insulin and glucose response to meals in healthy men and women, but they decrease GIP release.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Acids
/ Adult
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Dietary Fats - administration & dosage
/ Female
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide - blood
/ Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide - secretion
/ Glucose
/ Humans
/ Insulin
/ Male
/ Meals
/ Medicine
/ Men
/ Oleic Acid - administration & dosage
/ Olein
/ Palm oil
/ Palmitic Acid - administration & dosage
/ Palmitic Acid - adverse effects
/ Peptides
/ Plant Oils - administration & dosage
/ Postprandial Period - physiology
/ Tags
/ Triglycerides - administration & dosage
/ Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
/ Women
