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Microbiome evolution during host aging
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Journal Article
Microbiome evolution during host aging
2019
Overview
Experiments in mice colonized with Escherichia coli have shown clonal interference and parallel phenotypic evolution in the gut, occurring from the emergence of several adaptive genetic variants that reach intermediate frequencies, rather than reaching fixation (i.e., maximum frequency), within individual bacterial species. Screening a library of mutant E. coli for effects on nematode worm survival and aging has shown that a set of mutant strains beneficially affect host mitochondrial unfolded protein responses via the secretion of the polysaccharide colanic acid, resulting in increased worm life span [47]. [...]while experimental nematodes are generally fed a specific E. coli strain (OP50) [48], complex microbiota likely mask the impact on host fitness of individual bacterial strains emerging within specific bacterial species. Since during aging and frailty the overall microbial taxonomic diversity declines, it may indeed become more likely for new strains within dominant taxa to sweep to high frequency and affect the host.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Aging
/ Analysis
/ Animals
/ Bacteria
/ Biology
/ Cancer
/ Computer and Information Sciences
/ Disease
/ E coli
/ Fitness
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
/ Host Microbial Interactions - physiology
/ Humans
/ Medicine and Health Sciences
/ Microbial Consortia - genetics
/ Microbial Consortia - physiology
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ Mutation
/ Pearls
/ Taxonomy
