Journal Article

Sex-specific contemporary trends in incidence, prevalence and survival of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: A long-term real-world data analysis

Minha, Sa’ar, Pereg, David, Shiyovich, Arthur, Chodick, Gabriel, Shuvy, Mony, Katz, Amos, Azani, Liat, Tirosh, Matanya

2021

Overview

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major increasing public health problem worldwide, with clinical and epidemiological differences between men and women. However, contemporary population-level data on incidence and survival are scarce. To evaluate sex-specific contemporary trends in the incidence, prevalence, and long-term survival of non-valvular AF in a real-world setting. AF patients diagnosed between 2007-2015, insured by a large, state-mandated health organization in Israel (Maccabi Healthcare Services) were included. AF was diagnosed based on registered diagnoses. Patients with valvular disease, active malignancy, cardiac surgery ≤ 6 months, or recent pregnancy, were excluded. Annual incidence rate, period prevalence, and 5-year survival for each calendar year during the study period, were calculated. A total of 15,409 eligible patients (8,288 males, 7,121 females) were identified. Males were more likely to be younger, have higher rates of underlying diseases (ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), but with lower rates of hypertension and chronic kidney diseases as compared to female patients. During the study period, age-adjusted incidence decreased both in men: (-0.020/1,000-person year, p-for trend = 0.033) and, women (-0.025/1,000 person-year p = 0.009). The five-year survival rate was significantly higher among men vs. women (77.1% vs. 71.5%, respectively, p<0.001). Age-adjusted prevalence increased significantly among men (+0.102 per year, p-for trend<0.001) yet decreased among women (-0.082 per year, p-for trend = 0.005). A significant trend toward improved long-term survival was observed in women and not in men. The current study shows significant sex-related disparities in the incidence, prevalence, and survival of AF patients between 2007-2015; while the adjusted incidence of both has decreased over-time, prevalence and mortality decreased significantly only in women.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Age / Age composition / Arrhythmia / Atrial fibrillation / Beta blockers / Cardiac arrhythmia / Cardiology / Cardiovascular disease / Cardiovascular diseases / Cerebral infarction / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / Congestive heart failure / Coronary artery disease / Data analysis / Demographic aspects / Diabetes / Diabetes mellitus / Editing / Electronic mail / Females / Fibrillation / Funding / Health care / Health care facilities / Health maintenance organizations / Health risks / Heart attacks / Heart diseases / Heart failure / HMOs / Hypertension / Innovations / Ischemia / Lung diseases / Males / Medicine / Medicine and Health Sciences / Methodology / Mortality / Myocardial infarction / Obstructive lung disease / Older people / Patient outcomes / Patients / People and Places / Risk analysis / Risk factors / Sex / Sexes / Socioeconomic factors / Socioeconomics / Statistics / Stroke / Survival analysis / Thromboembolism / Transient ischemic attack / Trends / Vascular diseases