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HIV-1 capsid is the key orchestrator of early viral replication
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Journal Article
HIV-1 capsid is the key orchestrator of early viral replication
2021
Overview
[...]processed CA and the mature CA lattice are not needed for virus assembly or release, pointing toward a function of the mature lattice structure during or after virus entry. [...]early schemes of HIV-1 replication assumed rapid and complete disintegration (uncoating) of the CA lattice after membrane fusion with subsequent cytoplasmic conversion of the genomic RNA into double-stranded cDNA in the released reverse transcription complex (RTC) (reviewed in [4]). Rapid uncoating after membrane fusion appeared to be supported by the rapid and complete dissociation of the capsid when the membrane of cell-free virions was stripped by detergent and by the failure to detect cone-shaped objects in the cytosol of infected cells by electron microscopy (EM) (reviewed in [5]). [...]early replication complexes purified from extracts of infected cells contained little or no CA [5]. Adding deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) to this stabilized structure in vitro even allowed complete reverse transcription of the endogenous viral genome and revealed breakage, but not complete disassembly of the lattice, when synthesis of the double-stranded cDNA approached completion [8]. Since IP6 is present in high concentration in the cytosol, these in vitro data clearly indicate that the capsid structure could remain intact for prolonged periods of time after membrane fusion and could support the full process of reverse transcription once dNTPs become available.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Cytosol
/ Genomes
/ Growth
/ HIV
/ Human immunodeficiency virus
/ Humans
/ Labeling
/ Medicine and Health Sciences
/ Pearls
/ Proteins
/ Reviews
/ Virions
/ Virus Replication - physiology
/ Viruses
