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Great apes distinguish true from false beliefs in an interactive helping task

by Tomasello, Michael , Buttelmann, David , Carpenter, Malinda , Call, Josep , Buttelmann, Frances

in Adults / Age / Analysis / Animals / Anthropology / Apes / Behavior / Behavior, Animal - physiology / Biology and Life Sciences / Brain / Children / Chimpanzees / Cognition / Cognition & reasoning / Cognition - physiology / Comprehension - physiology / Cortex (motor) / Cortex (premotor) / Cues / Culture / Cybernetics / Decision making / Developmental psychology / Emotions / Evolution / Female / Food / Hominidae - psychology / Human behavior / Humans / Infant / Infants / Male / Monkeys / Monkeys & apes / Motor task performance / Nervous system / Neurodegenerative diseases / Neurosciences / Orangutans / Pan paniscus / Pan paniscus - psychology / Pan troglodytes / Pan troglodytes - psychology / People and Places / Place preferences / Pongo abelii / Pongo abelii - psychology / Primates / Psychological aspects / Psychology / Science / Social Behavior / Social cognitive theory / Social factors / Social interactions / Social Sciences / Studies / Test procedures

2017

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Great apes distinguish true from false beliefs in an interactive helping task

by Tomasello, Michael , Buttelmann, David , Carpenter, Malinda , Call, Josep , Buttelmann, Frances

2017

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Great apes distinguish true from false beliefs in an interactive helping task

by Tomasello, Michael , Buttelmann, David , Carpenter, Malinda , Call, Josep , Buttelmann, Frances

2017

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Journal Article

Great apes distinguish true from false beliefs in an interactive helping task

Tomasello, Michael,

Buttelmann, David,

Carpenter, Malinda,

Call, Josep,

Buttelmann, Frances

2017

Overview

Understanding the behavior of others in a wide variety of circumstances requires an understanding of their psychological states. Humans' nearest primate relatives, the great apes, understand many psychological states of others, for example, perceptions, goals, and desires. However, so far there is little evidence that they possess the key marker of advanced human social cognition: an understanding of false beliefs. Here we demonstrate that in a nonverbal (implicit) false-belief test which is passed by human 1-year-old infants, great apes as a group, including chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), bonobos (Pan paniscus), and orangutans (Pongo abelii), distinguish between true and false beliefs in their helping behavior. Great apes thus may possess at least some basic understanding that an agent's actions are based on her beliefs about reality. Hence, such understanding might not be the exclusive province of the human species.

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Publisher

Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Subject

/ Age

/ Animals

/ Apes