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Epidemiologic and Genomic Surveillance of Vibrio cholerae and Effectiveness of Single-Dose Oral Cholera Vaccine, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Epidemiologic and Genomic Surveillance of Vibrio cholerae and Effectiveness of Single-Dose Oral Cholera Vaccine, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Epidemiologic and Genomic Surveillance of Vibrio cholerae and Effectiveness of Single-Dose Oral Cholera Vaccine, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Journal Article
Epidemiologic and Genomic Surveillance of Vibrio cholerae and Effectiveness of Single-Dose Oral Cholera Vaccine, Democratic Republic of the Congo
2025
Overview
We conducted 4 years of epidemiologic and genomic surveillance of single-dose effectiveness of a killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccine (kOCV) and Vibrio cholerae transmission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We enrolled 1,154 patients with diarrhea; 342 of those had culture-confirmed cholera. We performed whole-genome sequencing on clinical and water V. cholerae isolates from 200 patient households, which showed annual bimodal peaks of V. cholerae clade AFR10e infections. A large clonal cholera outbreak occurred 14 months after a kOCV campaign of >1 million doses, likely because of low (9%) vaccine coverage in informal settlements. Clinical and water isolates collected in the same household were closely related, suggesting person-to-person and water-to-person transmission. Single-dose kOCV vaccine effectiveness 24 months after vaccination was 59.8% (95% CI 19.7%-79.9%), suggesting modest single-dose kOCV protection. kOCV campaigns combined with water, sanitation, and hygiene programs should be used to reduce cholera in disease-endemic settings worldwide.
Publisher
U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subject
/ Adult
/ and Effectiveness of Single-Dose Oral Cholera Vaccine, Democratic Republic of the Congo
/ Child
/ Cholera
/ Cholera - prevention & control
/ Cholera Vaccines - administration & dosage
/ Cholera Vaccines - immunology
/ Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology
/ Diarrhea
/ Epidemiologic and Genomic Surveillance of
/ Feces
/ Female
/ Genomes
/ Genomics
/ Humans
/ Identification and classification
/ Infant
/ Male
/ Patients
/ Preventative Intervention for Cholera for 7 Days program
/ Vaccines
/ Vibrio cholerae - classification
/ Vibrio cholerae - immunology
/ Vibrio cholerae - isolation & purification
/ Water
