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Upregulation of SK3 and IK1 Channels Contributes to the Enhanced Endothelial Calcium Signaling and the Preserved Coronary Relaxation in Obese Zucker Rats
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Upregulation of SK3 and IK1 Channels Contributes to the Enhanced Endothelial Calcium Signaling and the Preserved Coronary Relaxation in Obese Zucker Rats
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Journal Article
Upregulation of SK3 and IK1 Channels Contributes to the Enhanced Endothelial Calcium Signaling and the Preserved Coronary Relaxation in Obese Zucker Rats
2014
Overview
Endothelial small- and intermediate-conductance KCa channels, SK3 and IK1, are key mediators in the endothelium-derived hyperpolarization and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and also in the modulation of endothelial Ca2+ signaling and nitric oxide (NO) release. Obesity is associated with endothelial dysfunction and impaired relaxation, although how obesity influences endothelial SK3/IK1 function is unclear. Therefore we assessed whether the role of these channels in the coronary circulation is altered in obese animals.
In coronary arteries mounted in microvascular myographs, selective blockade of SK3/IK1 channels unmasked an increased contribution of these channels to the ACh- and to the exogenous NO- induced relaxations in arteries of Obese Zucker Rats (OZR) compared to Lean Zucker Rats (LZR). Relaxant responses induced by the SK3/IK1 channel activator NS309 were enhanced in OZR and NO- endothelium-dependent in LZR, whereas an additional endothelium-independent relaxant component was found in OZR. Fura2-AM fluorescence revealed a larger ACh-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in the endothelium of coronary arteries from OZR, which was inhibited by blockade of SK3/IK1 channels in both LZR and OZR. Western blot analysis showed an increased expression of SK3/IK1 channels in coronary arteries of OZR and immunohistochemistry suggested that it takes place predominantly in the endothelial layer.
Obesity may induce activation of adaptive vascular mechanisms to preserve the dilator function in coronary arteries. Increased function and expression of SK3/IK1 channels by influencing endothelial Ca2+ dynamics might contribute to the unaltered endothelium-dependent coronary relaxation in the early stages of obesity.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Animals
/ Arteries
/ Calcium
/ Calcium Signaling - drug effects
/ Calcium Signaling - physiology
/ Channels
/ Coronary Vessels - drug effects
/ Coronary Vessels - metabolism
/ Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects
/ Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism
/ Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels - agonists
/ Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels - genetics
/ Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels - metabolism
/ Kinases
/ Male
/ Medicine and Health Sciences
/ Muscles
/ Obesity
/ Potassium channels (calcium-gated)
/ Rats
/ Rodents
/ Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels - agonists
/ Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels - genetics
/ Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels - metabolism
