Journal Article

Genomic changes and biochemical alterations of seed protein and oil content in a subset of fast neutron induced soybean mutants

Stupar, Robert M., Qijian, Song, Roessler, Jeff, Stec, Adrian O., Islam, Nazrul, Natarajan, Savithiry S., Garrett, Wesley, Luthria, Devanand L.

2019

Overview

Background Soybean is subjected to genetic manipulation by breeding, mutation, and transgenic approaches to produce value-added quality traits. Among those genetic approaches, mutagenesis through fast neutrons radiation is intriguing because it yields a variety of mutations, including single/multiple gene deletions and/or duplications. Characterizing the seed composition of the fast neutron mutants and its relationship with gene mutation is useful towards understanding oil and protein traits in soybean. Results From a large population of fast neutron mutagenized plants, we selected ten mutants based on a screening of total oil and protein content using near infra-red spectroscopy. These ten mutants were regrown, and the seeds were analyzed for oil by GC-MS, protein profiling by SDS-PAGE and gene mapping by comparative genomic hybridization. The mutant 2R29C14Cladecr233cMN15 (nicknamed in this study as L10) showed higher protein and lower oil content compared to the wild type, followed by three other lines (nicknamed in this study as L03, L05, and L06). We characterized the fatty acid methyl esters profile of the trans-esterified oil and found the presence of five major fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids) at varying proportions among the mutants. Protein profile using SDS-PAGE of the ten mutants did exhibit discernable variation between storage (glycinin and β-conglycinin) and anti-nutritional factor (trypsin inhibitor) proteins. In addition, we physically mapped the position of the gene deletions or duplications in each mutant using comparative genomic hybridization. Conclusion Characterization of oil and protein profile in soybean fast neutron mutants will assist scientist and breeders to develop new value-added soybeans with improved protein and oil quality traits.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Agriculture / Antinutrition factors / antinutritional factors / Biomedical and Life Sciences / comparative genomic hybridization / Conglycinin / Criminal investigation / Cytogenetics / DNA sequencing / Esterification / Esters / Fast Neutrons / Fatty acid methyl esters / Fatty acids / Gel electrophoresis / Gene deletion / Gene mapping / Gene mutation / Genes / Genetic aspects / Genetic engineering / Genetic research / genetically modified organisms / Genetics and crop biotechnology / Genomes / Genomics / Glycine max - chemistry / Glycine max - genetics / Glycine max - radiation effects / glycinin / Hybridization / Laboratories / Life Sciences / lipid content / Mutagenesis / Mutants / Mutation / near-infrared spectroscopy / Neutrons / Nutrient content / Oil / oils / Oilseeds / Peptide mapping / Plant breeding / Plant Oils - analysis / Plant Oils - radiation effects / Plant Proteins - analysis / Plant Proteins - radiation effects / Plant Sciences / Point mutation / polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis / protein content / Proteins / Radiation (Physics) / Reproduction (copying) / Research Article / Saturated fatty acids / Scientists / Seeds / Seeds - chemistry / Seeds - radiation effects / Sodium lauryl sulfate / Soybeans / Spectroscopy / Tree Biology / Trypsin / Trypsin inhibitors / value added