Journal Article

Single-gene FISH maps and major chromosomal rearrangements in Elymus sibiricus and E. nutans

Liu, Bo, Guo, Jialei, Dou, Quanwen, Yang, Ying, Chen, Jie, Shen, Wenjie

2023

Overview

Background Chromosomal variations have been revealed in both E. sibiricus and E. nutans , but chromosomal structural variations, such as intra-genome translocations and inversions, are still not recognized due to the cytological limitations of previous studies. Furthermore, the syntenic relationship between both species and wheat chromosomes remains unknown. Results Fifty-nine single-gene fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes, including 22 single-gene probes previously mapped on wheat chromosomes and other newly developed probes from the cDNA of Elymus species, were used to characterize the chromosome homoeologous relationship and collinearity of both E. sibiricus and E. nutans with those of wheat. Eight species-specific chromosomal rearrangements (CRs) were exclusively identified in E. sibiricus , including five pericentric inversions in 1H, 2H, 3H, 6H and 2St; one possible pericentric inversion in 5St; one paracentric inversion in 4St; and one reciprocal 4H/6H translocation. Five species-specific CRs were identified in E. nutans , including one possible pericentric inversion in 2Y, three possible pericentric multiple-inversions in 1H, 2H and 4Y, and one reciprocal 4Y/5Y translocation. Polymorphic CRs were detected in three of the six materials in E. sibiricus , which were mainly represented by inter-genomic translocations. More polymorphic CRs were identified in E. nutans , including duplication and insertion, deletion, pericentric inversion, paracentric inversion, and intra- or inter-genomic translocation in different chromosomes. Conclusions The study first identified the cross-species homoeology and the syntenic relationship between E. sibiricus , E. nutans and wheat chromosomes. There are distinct different species-specific CRs between E. sibiricus and E. nutans , which may be due to their different polyploidy processes. The frequencies of intra-species polymorphic CRs in E. nutans were higher than that in E. sibiricus . To conclude, the results provide new insights into genome structure and evolution and will facilitate the utilization of germplasm diversity in both E. sibiricus and E. nutans .

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Adaptation / Agriculture / Barley / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Botanical research / Chromosome Aberrations / Chromosome Mapping / Chromosome rearrangement / Chromosome rearrangements / Chromosome translocations / Chromosomes / Collinearity / DNA probes / Elymus - genetics / Elymus nutans / Elymus sibiricus / Eucalyptus / evolution / fish / fluorescence / Fluorescence in situ hybridization / Gene mapping / Genes / Genetic aspects / Genetic research / Genetic variation / genome / Genomes / Genomics / Germplasm / Grasses / hybridization / In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence - methods / Inversion / Inversions / Life Sciences / Methods / paracentric inversion / pericentric inversion / Plant Sciences / Polyploidy / Probes / Single-gene FISH / Species / Synteny / Translocation / Translocation, Genetic / Tree Biology / Wheat