Journal Article

SOS1 gene family in mangrove (Kandelia obovata): Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analyses under salt and copper stress

Sihui, Li, Li, Chunyuan, Nkoh Nkoh, Jackson, Chen, Pengyu, Shang, Chenjing, Hussain, Quaid, Hussain, Muhammad Azhar

2024

Overview

Background Salt Overly Sensitive 1 ( SOS1 ), a plasma membrane Na + /H + exchanger, is essential for plant salt tolerance. Salt damage is a significant abiotic stress that impacts plant species globally. All living organisms require copper (Cu), a necessary micronutrient and a protein cofactor for many biological and physiological processes. High Cu concentrations, however, may result in pollution that inhibits the growth and development of plants. The function and production of mangrove ecosystems are significantly impacted by rising salinity and copper contamination. Results A genome-wide analysis and bioinformatics techniques were used in this study to identify 20 SOS1 genes in the genome of Kandelia obovata . Most of the SOS1 genes were found on the plasma membrane and dispersed over 11 of the 18 chromosomes. Based on phylogenetic analysis, KoSOS1s can be categorized into four groups, similar to Solanum tuberosum . Kandelia obovata's SOS1 gene family expanded due to tandem and segmental duplication. These SOS1 homologs shared similar protein structures, according to the results of the conserved motif analysis. The coding regions of 20 KoSOS1 genes consist of amino acids ranging from 466 to 1221, while the exons include amino acids ranging from 3 to 23. In addition, we found that the 2.0 kb upstream promoter region of the KoSOS1s gene contains several cis-elements associated with phytohormones and stress responses. According to the expression experiments, seven randomly chosen genes experienced up- and down-regulation of their expression levels in response to copper (CuCl 2 ) and salt stressors. Conclusions For the first time, this work systematically identified SOS1 genes in Kandelia obovata . Our investigations also encompassed physicochemical properties, evolution, and expression patterns, thereby furnishing a theoretical framework for subsequent research endeavours aimed at functionally characterizing the Kandelia obovata SOS1 genes throughout the life cycle of plants.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: abiotic stress / Agriculture / Amino acids / Bioinformatics / Biological activity / Biological effects / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Botanical research / Carrier proteins / Chromosomes / Conserved sequence / Copper / Copper - metabolism / Copper chloride / Copper stress / Corn / Damage tolerance / Ecosystems / Evolutionary genetics / Exons / Expression analysis / family / Gene expression / Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Gene regulation / Genes / Genes, Plant / Genetic aspects / Genome, Plant / genome-wide association study / Genomes / Genomic analysis / Genomics / Gibberellins / growth and development / Hardiness / Heavy metals / Kandelia / Kandelia obovata / Life Sciences / Localization / Mangrove plants / Membranes / Metabolism / Multigene Family / Na+/H+-exchanging ATPase / Omics technologies and applications in horticultural crops / Organic chemicals / Phylogeny / Physicochemical properties / Physiological aspects / Physiology / Plant growth / Plant hormones / Plant Proteins - genetics / Plant Proteins - metabolism / Plant Sciences / Plant species / Plants / plasma membrane / pollution / promoter regions / Proteins / Rhizophoraceae - genetics / Rhizophoraceae - physiology / Salinity / Salinity tolerance / Salt / Salt stress / Salt Stress - genetics / Salt tolerance / Salt Tolerance - genetics / Soils, Salts in / Solanum tuberosum / Sos1 gene / SOS1 gene family / SOS1 Protein - genetics / SOS1 Protein - metabolism / species / Stress response / Stress, Physiological - genetics / Tree Biology / Water transportation