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Small-Molecule Antioxidant Proteome-Shields in Deinococcus radiodurans
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Small-Molecule Antioxidant Proteome-Shields in Deinococcus radiodurans
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Journal Article
Small-Molecule Antioxidant Proteome-Shields in Deinococcus radiodurans
2010
Overview
For Deinococcus radiodurans and other bacteria which are extremely resistant to ionizing radiation, ultraviolet radiation, and desiccation, a mechanistic link exists between resistance, manganese accumulation, and protein protection. We show that ultrafiltered, protein-free preparations of D. radiodurans cell extracts prevent protein oxidation at massive doses of ionizing radiation. In contrast, ultrafiltrates from ionizing radiation-sensitive bacteria were not protective. The D. radiodurans ultrafiltrate was enriched in Mn, phosphate, nucleosides and bases, and peptides. When reconstituted in vitro at concentrations approximating those in the D. radiodurans cytosol, peptides interacted synergistically with Mn(2+) and orthophosphate, and preserved the activity of large, multimeric enzymes exposed to 50,000 Gy, conditions which obliterated DNA. When applied ex vivo, the D. radiodurans ultrafiltrate protected Escherichia coli cells and human Jurkat T cells from extreme cellular insults caused by ionizing radiation. By establishing that Mn(2+)-metabolite complexes of D. radiodurans specifically protect proteins against indirect damage caused by gamma-rays delivered in vast doses, our findings provide the basis for a new approach to radioprotection and insight into how surplus Mn budgets in cells combat reactive oxygen species.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Bacteria
/ Biotechnology/Chemical Biology of the Cell
/ Cell Biology/Cellular Death and Stress Responses
/ Cell Biology/Chemical Biology of the Cell
/ Chemical Biology/Small Molecule Chemistry
/ Cytosol
/ Deinococcus - radiation effects
/ DNA
/ DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded - radiation effects
/ Drying
/ E coli
/ Enzymes
/ Genomes
/ Heart
/ Humans
/ Microbiology/Applied Microbiology
/ Microbiology/Environmental Microbiology
/ Molecular Biology/DNA Repair
/ Oxygen
/ Peptides
/ Proteins
/ Radiation-Protective Agents - metabolism
/ T cells
