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Implicit Racial Bias Across Ethnoracial Groups in Canada and the United States and Black Mental Health
by
Feliciano, Juliane
, Bartlett, Amy
, Gran-Ruaz, Sophia
, Williams, Monnica T.
in
African Americans
/ Attitudes
/ Bias
/ Black People
/ Black white relations
/ Caffeine
/ Canadians in the United States
/ Clinical decision making
/ Clinical outcomes
/ Communities
/ Coronaviruses
/ Data
/ Decision making
/ Disease control
/ Disease prevention
/ Epidemiology
/ Explicit Attitudes
/ Female
/ Graduate students
/ Groups
/ Health behavior
/ Health disparities
/ Health information
/ Health research
/ Health status
/ Human
/ Implicit Attitudes
/ Implicit beliefs
/ Implicit Bias
/ Male
/ Measures
/ Mental Health
/ Mental health care
/ Mental health services
/ Minority & ethnic groups
/ Modernity
/ Population
/ Quality of care
/ Race
/ Racial and Ethnic Groups
/ Racial Bias
/ Racial differences
/ Racism
/ Ratings & rankings
/ Stereotypes
/ Tests
/ Unconsciousness
/ Underserved populations
2022
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Implicit Racial Bias Across Ethnoracial Groups in Canada and the United States and Black Mental Health
by
Feliciano, Juliane
, Bartlett, Amy
, Gran-Ruaz, Sophia
, Williams, Monnica T.
in
African Americans
/ Attitudes
/ Bias
/ Black People
/ Black white relations
/ Caffeine
/ Canadians in the United States
/ Clinical decision making
/ Clinical outcomes
/ Communities
/ Coronaviruses
/ Data
/ Decision making
/ Disease control
/ Disease prevention
/ Epidemiology
/ Explicit Attitudes
/ Female
/ Graduate students
/ Groups
/ Health behavior
/ Health disparities
/ Health information
/ Health research
/ Health status
/ Human
/ Implicit Attitudes
/ Implicit beliefs
/ Implicit Bias
/ Male
/ Measures
/ Mental Health
/ Mental health care
/ Mental health services
/ Minority & ethnic groups
/ Modernity
/ Population
/ Quality of care
/ Race
/ Racial and Ethnic Groups
/ Racial Bias
/ Racial differences
/ Racism
/ Ratings & rankings
/ Stereotypes
/ Tests
/ Unconsciousness
/ Underserved populations
2022
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Do you wish to request the book?
Implicit Racial Bias Across Ethnoracial Groups in Canada and the United States and Black Mental Health
by
Feliciano, Juliane
, Bartlett, Amy
, Gran-Ruaz, Sophia
, Williams, Monnica T.
in
African Americans
/ Attitudes
/ Bias
/ Black People
/ Black white relations
/ Caffeine
/ Canadians in the United States
/ Clinical decision making
/ Clinical outcomes
/ Communities
/ Coronaviruses
/ Data
/ Decision making
/ Disease control
/ Disease prevention
/ Epidemiology
/ Explicit Attitudes
/ Female
/ Graduate students
/ Groups
/ Health behavior
/ Health disparities
/ Health information
/ Health research
/ Health status
/ Human
/ Implicit Attitudes
/ Implicit beliefs
/ Implicit Bias
/ Male
/ Measures
/ Mental Health
/ Mental health care
/ Mental health services
/ Minority & ethnic groups
/ Modernity
/ Population
/ Quality of care
/ Race
/ Racial and Ethnic Groups
/ Racial Bias
/ Racial differences
/ Racism
/ Ratings & rankings
/ Stereotypes
/ Tests
/ Unconsciousness
/ Underserved populations
2022
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Implicit Racial Bias Across Ethnoracial Groups in Canada and the United States and Black Mental Health
Journal Article
Implicit Racial Bias Across Ethnoracial Groups in Canada and the United States and Black Mental Health
2022
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Overview
Black Canadians and Americans experience disparities in access to quality mental health care and mental health overall. Implicit biases are unconscious, automatically activated attitudes and stereotypes, with the potential to yield racist behaviors. To date, research has focused on health provider bias and resultant consequences in the decision-making/treatment of racialized groups. Little has been done to characterize implicit anti-Black biases within White and non-White members of the general population or examine the relationship between biases and Black people's mental wellness. Black-White Implicit Association Test (BW-IAT; n = 450,185) data were used to detect the presence of implicit biases within 10 ethnoracial groups and compare Bias Scores between Canada and the United States. Mean BW-IAT Bias Scores were also assessed against participant explicit biases using warmth ratings and the Modern Racism Scale (MRS). Finally, state-level BW-IAT scores were used to predict state-based Black American mental health-related mortality using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) data set. Findings indicated: (a) the most ethnoracial groups have anti-Black implicit biases; (b) Canadian and American implicit biases are near identical; (c) explicit and implicit Bias Scores are weakly related, and Canadian and American explicit biases are near identical; and (d) implicit bias predicts poor mental health outcomes for Black Americans, even when controlling for explicit bias and White outcomes. This work underscores the need to dismantle ideologies of White superiority and the resultant oppressive attitudes, stereotypes, and behaviors present in the general population. This work also calls for accessible, province-level, race-based mental health data on underserved groups.
Les Canadiens noirs et les Afro-Américains font face à des disparités en ce qui concerne leur accès à des soins de santé mentale et particulièrement des soins de santé mentale de qualité. Les préjugés implicites sont des attitudes et des stéréotypes inconscients, soient des pensées automatiques, qui peuvent potentiellement provoquer des comportements racistes. Jusqu'à présent, les recherches à ce sujet ont mis une emphase sur les préjugés des prestataires de soins de santé et les conséquences qui en découlent dans la prise de décision et le traitement des groupes racialisés. Peu d'études ont été menées dans le but de mettre en évidence les préjugés implicites anti-Noirs chez les personnes de race blanche et les personnes d'autres races parmi la population générale ou d'examiner la relation entre les préjugés et le bien-être mental des Noirs. Les données du Black-White Implicit Association Test (BW-IAT; n = 450 185) ont été utilisées pour déterminer la présence de préjugés implicites au sein de 10 groupes ethnoraciaux et comparer les scores des préjugés entre le Canada et les États-Unis. Les scores moyens des préjugés du BW-IAT ont également été évalués par rapport aux préjugés explicites des participants à l'aide des warmth ratings et du Modern Racism Scale. Par la suite, les scores BW-IAT dans les différents États ont été utilisés pour prédire le taux de mortalité lié à la santé mentale des Noirs américains à l'aide de l'ensemble de données CDC WONDER. Les résultats indiquent que (1) la plupart des groupes ethnoraciaux ont des préjugés implicites anti-Noirs; (2) les préjugés implicites canadiens et américains sont presque identiques; (3) les scores de préjugés explicites et implicites ont une faible corrélation, et les préjugés explicites canadiens et américains sont presque identiques; et (4) les préjugés implicites prédisent de conséquences négatives sur la santé mentale des Noirs américains, même en contrôlant les préjugés explicites et les résultats des personnes blanches. Ces travaux soulignent la nécessité de démanteler, au sein de la population dans son ensemble, les idéologies de supériorité de la race blanche et les attitudes, stéréotypes et comportements oppressifs qui en découlent. Ce travail appelle également à l'accessibilité des données sur la santé mentale axées sur la race des groupes faiblement desservis, au niveau provincial.
Public Significance Statement
To date, few researchers have explored the impact of implicit biases on the health of people of color outside of a medical setting. Fewer still have considered the relationship between implicit biases held by the general population, both White and non-White, and Black peoples' mental health. This study is among the first to focus on the measurable existence of implicit racial biases within ethnoracial groups toward Black persons in the United States and Canada, as well as the possible impacts of implicit biases on the mental health of Black people in America.
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