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Environmental and occupational factors in CKD
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Journal Article
Environmental and occupational factors in CKD
2015
Overview
The elevated prevalence of CKD of unspecified cause that has been reported in male farmers in various developing countries confirms this relationship. 2 Indeed, in Nicaragua, increased CKD rates in male farmers aged <60 years were found to be associated with pesticide exposure, dehydration, alcohol consumption and exposure to heavy metals. 3 Costa Rica has reported a higher incidence of chronic renal disease among young sugarcane workers, with clinical and histological findings of chronic interstitial nephritis. 4 In El Salvador, a high prevalence of CKD (17%) was found among male farmers exposed to toxic pollutants. 5 Studies in Sri Lanka have found an association between pesticide poisoning and pollutants, and repeated episodes of acute renal failure and CKD, respectively. 6 In India and Pakistan, a large percentage of CKD cases are of undetermined aetiology and environmental factors have been postulated for causation of the disease. 7 The association of poverty and disease could explain the increased burden of CKD in these populations.
Publisher
BMJ Publishing Group,BMJ Publishing Group LTD
