Journal Article

Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study (NYC-SIGHT): a nested cross-sectional assessment of falls risk within a cluster randomised trial

Horowitz, Jason D, Friedman, David S, Cioffi, George A, Simon, Phyllis R, Auran, James D, Hark, Lisa A, Maruri, Stefania C, Diamond, Daniel F, Liebmann, Jeffrey L, Wang, Qing, Carrion, Jailine, Harizman, Noga, Gorroochurn, Prakash, Park, Lisa, Wang, Yujia, Henriquez, Desiree R

2024

Overview

BackgroundTo investigate the feasibility of using the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths and Injuries (STEADI) Falls Risk Tool Kit during community-based eye health screenings to assess falls risk of participants enrolled in the Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-Up Study (NYC-SIGHT).MethodsCross-sectional analysis of data from a 5-year prospective, cluster-randomised clinical trial conducted in affordable housing developments in New York City in adults age 40 years and older. Prescreening questions determined whether participants were at risk of falling. STEADI tests classified participants at low, moderate or high risk of falling. Multivariate logistic regression determined odds of falls risk of all enrolled participants.Results708 participants completed the eye health screening; 351 (49.6%) performed STEADI tests; mean age: 71.0 years (SD±11.3); 72.1% female; 53.6% Black, non-Hispanic, 37.6% Hispanic/Latino. Level of falls risk: 32 (9.1%) low, 188 (53.6%) moderate and 131 (37.3%) high. Individuals age >80 (OR 5.921, 95% CI (2.383 to 14.708), p=0.000), had blurry vision (OR 1.978, 95% CI (1.186 to 3.300), p=0.009), high blood pressure (OR 2.131, 95% CI (1.252 to 3.628), p=0.005), arthritis (OR 2.29876, 95% CI (1.362 to 3.875), p=0.002) or foot problems (OR 5.239, 95% CI (2.947 to 9.314), p=0.000) had significantly higher odds of falling, emergency department visits or hospitalisation due to falling.ConclusionThis study detected a significant amount of falls risk in an underserved population. The STEADI Falls Risk screening questions were easy for eye care providers to ask, were highly predictive of falls risk and may be adequate for referral to occupational health and/or physical therapy.

• Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd,BMJ Publishing Group LTD
• Subject: Accidental Falls - prevention & control / Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data / Adult / Affordable housing / Aged / Aged, 80 and over / Cataracts / Cluster Analysis / Cross-Sectional Studies / Disease control / Disease prevention / Emergency medical care / Epidemiology / Eye examinations / Falls / Feasibility Studies / Female / Follow-Up Studies / Glaucoma / Housing developments / Humans / Injuries / Male / Medical screening / Middle Aged / New York City - epidemiology / Older people / Prospective Studies / Public health / Questionnaires / Risk assessment / Risk Assessment - methods / Risk Factors / Telemedicine / Vision Screening - methods / Visual acuity / Visual impairment