Journal Article

Dietary intakes of fat and fatty acids and risk of breast cancer : A prospective study in Japan

LIN Yingsong, NIWA Yoshimitsu, TOYOSHIMA Hideaki, NISHIO Kazuko, FUKUI Mitsuru, DATE Chigusa, TOKUDOME Shinkan, YAMAMOTO Akio, SUZUKI Sadao, WAKAI Kenji, YATSUYA Hiroshi, TAMAKOSHI Akiko, TAMAKOSHI Koji, KONDO Takaaki

2005

Overview

To examine the possible association of dietary fat and fatty acids with breast cancer risk in a population with a low total fat intake and a high consumption of fish, we analyzed data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. From 1988 to 1990, 26 291 women aged 40–79 years completed a questionnaire on dietary and other factors. Intakes of fat or fatty acids were estimated by using a food frequency questionnaire. Rate ratios (RR) were computed by fitting proportional hazards models. During the mean follow‐up of 7.6 years, 129 breast cancer cases were documented. We found no clear association of total fat intake with breast cancer risk; the multivariate‐adjusted RR across quartiles were 1.00, 1.29, 0.95, and 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46–1.38). A significant decrease in the risk was detected for the highest quartile of intake compared with the lowest for fish fat and long‐chain n‐3 fatty acids; the RR were 0.56 (95% CI 0.33–0.94) and 0.50 (0.30–0.85), respectively. A decreasing trend in risk was also suggested with an increasing intake of saturated fatty acids (trend P = 0.066). Among postmenopausal women at baseline, the highest quartile of vegetable fat intake was associated with a 2.08‐fold increase in risk (95% CI 1.05–4.13). This prospective study did not support any increase in the risk of breast cancer associated with total or saturated fat intake, but it suggested the protective effects of the long‐chain n‐3 fatty acids that are abundant in fish. (Cancer Sci 2005; 96: 590 – 599)

• Publisher: Blackwell Science Pty,Blackwell,John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Subject: Adult / Age / Aged / Biological and medical sciences / Breast cancer / Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology / Breast Neoplasms - etiology / Breast Neoplasms - prevention & control / Dietary Fats / Energy / Family medical history / Fatty acids / Fatty Acids - physiology / Female / Food / Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics / Health risk assessment / Humans / Hypotheses / Japan - epidemiology / Laboratory animals / Mammary gland diseases / Medical research / Medical sciences / Middle Aged / Multivariate Analysis / Nutrients / Oils & fats / Original / Population / Post-menopause / Postmenopause / Prospective Studies / Questionnaires / Risk Factors / Seafood / Tumors / Womens health