Journal Article

Exploring convective conditions in three-dimensional rotating ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over an extending sheet: a numerical analysis

Alrabaiah, Hussam, Shahab, Sana, Saeed, Anwar, Khan, Arshad, Lone, Showkat Ahmad, Raizah, Zehba

2025

Overview

Nanofluids hold paramount importance in various fields, notably in thermal engineering, due to their exceptional thermal conductivity and heat transfer properties. This heightened efficiency makes nanofluids invaluable in enhancing the performance of cooling systems, heating processes, and thermal management applications. Keeping in view these important applications, this study involves the analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluid containing Cu , TiO 2 , and SiO 2 in water on a porous stretchy three-dimensional surface incorporating thermal radiation, thermophoretic forces, chemical reaction, Joule heating with convective and mass flux conditions. The leading equations rendered to dimensionless notation through the application of similarity transformation. Subsequently, the solution to the transformed equation is acquired using the bvp4c method. As outcome of the work, an elevated thermophoresis factor leads to an expansion of the concentration, whereas a lessening tendency is noted for Schmidt number, Brownian motion and chemical reactivity factor. The thermal efficiency of the ternary nanofluid is enhanced by factors such as thermophoresis thermal radiation, Biot number, Eckert number, and magnetic field. The computed estimates of drag force at surface reveal the impact of various parameters, indicating that an increase in the porosity parameter leads to a reduction in the surface drag force in x - as well as y - directions. Conversely, advancement in the magnetic factor causes an escalation in surface drags force along the y - direction. Higher Biot number and radiation parameter values enhance the heat transference proportion, whereas higher Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and Eckert number decrease the thermal flow rate. Additionally, escalation in chemical reaction, Schmidt number, and Brownian motions enhances the mass transfer rate. The numerical code for this work has satisfactory promise with the already published work. The insights gained from this analysis can be applied to enhance the efficiency of engineering processes where convective heat transfer is a critical factor, thereby improving the performance of various applications like cooling systems, heat exchangers, and other thermal management systems. The research findings have practical implications for industries seeking to optimize energy utilization and improve the thermal performance of their systems through the utilization of advanced nanofluid dynamics.

• Publisher: Springer International Publishing,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Analytical Chemistry / Biot number / Brownian motion / Chemical reactions / Chemistry / Chemistry and Materials Science / Convective heat transfer / Cooling systems / Drag / Energy utilization / Engineering / Engineers / Entropy / Fluid dynamics / Fluid flow / Heat conductivity / Heat exchangers / Heat transfer / Inorganic Chemistry / Magnetic fields / Management systems / Mass transfer / Mathematical analysis / Measurement Science and Instrumentation / Microorganisms / Nanofluids / Nanoparticles / Numerical analysis / Parameters / Performance enhancement / Physical Chemistry / Polymer Sciences / Resistance heating / Silicon dioxide / Temperature / Thermal conductivity / Thermal engineering / Thermal management / Thermal radiation / Thermodynamic efficiency / Thermophoresis / Titanium dioxide