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Changes in well water level and rock damage zones in a shallow aquifer before and after local earthquakes
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Changes in well water level and rock damage zones in a shallow aquifer before and after local earthquakes
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Journal Article
Changes in well water level and rock damage zones in a shallow aquifer before and after local earthquakes
2023
Overview
The coseismic response of a well’s water level and the degree of rock damage in response to earthquakes can be quantified and used to understand the mechanism of the response of the aquifer system. The coseismic response of well water levels has been reported to be related to aquifer permeability, and this relationship is influenced by seismic events. Hydraulic parameters of the aquifer were obtained from the coseismic response of the water level in Well X10 in Xinjiang, China, before and after three local earthquakes from December 2016 to August 2020, and were used to estimate the degree of rock damage caused. Results indicated that the hydraulic parameters and primary rock defects (e.g., microcracks and microvoids) changed by varying degrees. It is suggested that the coseismic response of the water level caused by local earthquakes is the result of the coupling between volume and deviator strains. It was concluded that earthquake-induced stress changes in the fracture zone were likely to lead to changes in the rock damage areas and alterations in its multiple elastic parameters, while the changes in the hydraulic parameter were relatively small. Evolution of rock defects was found to depend on initial stress level, initial damage state, and coseismic strain in the aquifer, indicating that the mechanism of the earthquake-induced coseismic response of the water level is complex. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the earthquake-induced deformation of an aquifer and the mechanism of the coseismic response of the groundwater.
