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Study on fracture mechanisms of steering tie rod and steering knuckle arms of a heavy semi-trailer tractor based on accelerated life testing in a proving ground
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Study on fracture mechanisms of steering tie rod and steering knuckle arms of a heavy semi-trailer tractor based on accelerated life testing in a proving ground
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Journal Article
Study on fracture mechanisms of steering tie rod and steering knuckle arms of a heavy semi-trailer tractor based on accelerated life testing in a proving ground
2025
Overview
To investigate the failure of the steering tie rods and steering knuckle arms of a heavy semi-trailer tractor during accelerated life testing in a proving ground, detailed detections were performed on the material structural properties and machining accuracy of the failed components. Using the Neuber’s rule and cyclic hysteresis loop equation, the measured nominal stress was transformed into the local stress-strain cycles. The fatigue damage of the fracture components was calculated using the Morrow’s mean stress correction model. The findings from the detections and calculations indicate that the material properties are in compliance with designed technical specifications. The steering tie rods exhibited buckling deformation after becoming unstable due to its high flexibility and thin rod structure, which induced cyclic dynamic additional bending moments, identified as the primary cause of its fracture. The fracture surfaces and crack origins of the steering knuckle arms displayed clear machining tool marks, the conicity and surface roughness did not meet the design specification precision, and the assembly contact area with the steering knuckles was only approximately 20%–30%. This insufficient contact resulted in localized high stress concentrations at the root of the cone body, leading to low-cycle bending fatigue fractures.
