Journal Article

MoCA and MMSE for the detection of post-stroke cognitive impairment: a comparative diagnostic test accuracy systematic review and meta‑analysis

Liu, Yuxiang, Zhu, Ying, Li, Jia, Li, Wenyuan, Wei, Xiaoqin, Zhu, Yu, Hua, Longchun, Cao, Jianxun, Ma, Yuxia

2025

Overview

Background and purpose Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is one of the serious complications of stroke, which profoundly influences the quality of life of stroke survivors. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) are the two cognitive screening tools most widely used in stroke settings. Previous studies investigated the diagnostic accuracy of MoCA and MMSE but yielded controversial results. We conducted this study to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MoCA with MMSE for PSCI. Methods Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library were searched until August 17, 2024 for diagnostic accuracy studies comparing MoCA and MMSE. Data extraction was performed by two independent researchers. Risk of bias and applicability assessment was evaluated by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Coupled forest plots and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (hsROC) curves were created in R statistical software. Results 9 studies with 1,135 patients were included in this review. Most studies were at high risk of bias. MoCA displayed a pooled sensitivity of 0.80 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.86) and specificity of 0.79 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.85). MMSE displayed a sensitivity and specificity of 0.76 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.81) and 0.78 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.83), respectively. No difference was shown between these modalities (SEN p  = 0.36, SPE p  = 0.80). Conclusion No difference was observed between MoCA and MMSE in the detection of PSCI. We recommend both screeners be considered for the detection of PSCI based on the purpose of the test and by other metrics, such as acceptability and feasibility. Although it should be noted MoCA and MMSE were cognitive screening tools in stroke settings and not a substitute for detailed clinical assessment.

• Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Accuracy / Cognitive ability / Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnosis / Cognitive Dysfunction - etiology / Cognitive impairment / Comparative studies / Diagnostic tests / Evidence / Humans / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Mental Status and Dementia Tests - standards / Meta-analysis / Neurology / Neuroradiology / Neurosciences / Quality control / Quality of life / Review / Sensitivity and Specificity / Stroke / Stroke - complications / Stroke - psychology / Systematic review