Journal Article

Cadmium-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Mice: Subacute and Subchronic Route-Dependent Effects

Damasceno, Eduardo Medeiros, Siman, Verônica Andrade, da Matta, Sérgio Luis Pinto, Dias, Fernanda Carolina Ribeiro, Cupertino, Marli do Carmo, da Silva, Janaína, de Melo, Fabiana Cristina Silveira Alves, Mouro, Viviane Gorete Silveira

2020

Overview

This study aimed to compare Cd exposure by intraperitoneal ( i.p. ) and oral routes, evaluating the testicular subacute and subchronic effects. Adult male mice were separated into three groups subdivided according to the experimental period (7 and 42 days after Cd exposure: subacute and subchronic effects, respectively): one group received water and two groups received CdCl 2 (1.2 mg/kg i.p. and 24 mg/kg oral). The testicular concentration of essential minerals and Cd, activity of antioxidant enzymes and markers of oxidative stress, histology, and testicular histomorphometry were evaluated. The subacute effect of oral Cd showed reduced Fe concentration, while Ca and Cu increased in this route. The subchronic effect promoted decreasing in Mg in i.p. and oral routes, whereas Zn decreased only in the oral, and the Fe concentration did not change. SOD activity decreased in the oral subacute evaluation and in both pathways, i.p. and oral routes, in the subchronic evaluation, while GST activity increased, and MDA concentration decreased. Labeling of apoptotic cells was increased in the subacute and subchronic evaluation. Seminiferous epithelium degeneration, death of germ cells, and Leydig cell damages occurred in i.p. and oral routes. However, these damages were more intense in the oral route, mainly evaluating the subchronic effects. The results confirm that the severity of Cd-induced testicular injury depends on the pathway, as well as the duration of exposure.

• Publisher: Springer US,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Administration, Oral / adults / Animals / Antioxidants / Apoptosis / Biochemistry / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biotechnology / Cadmium / Cadmium - administration & dosage / Cadmium - toxicity / Cadmium chloride / Calcium - metabolism / Catalase - metabolism / Copper - metabolism / Damage assessment / death / Degeneration / Duration / Epithelium / Evaluation / Exposure / Germ cells / Histology / Histomorphometry / Injections, Intraperitoneal / Iron / Iron - metabolism / Leydig cells / Life Sciences / Magnesium / Magnesium - metabolism / Male / males / Mice / Minerals / Nutrition / Oncology / Oxidative stress / Oxidative Stress - drug effects / seminiferous epithelium / Superoxide dismutase / Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism / Testes / Testis - drug effects / Testis - metabolism / Testis - pathology / Toxicity / Toxicity Tests, Subacute - methods / Toxicity Tests, Subchronic - methods / Zinc / Zinc - metabolism