Journal Article

Optical sampling depth in the spatial frequency domain

Pera, Vivian, Roblyer, Darren, Hayakawa, Carole K, Venugopalan, Vasan, Karrobi, Kavon

2019

Overview

We present a Monte Carlo (MC) method to determine depth-dependent probability distributions of photon visitation and detection for optical reflectance measurements performed in the spatial frequency domain (SFD). These distributions are formed using an MC simulation for radiative transport that utilizes a photon packet weighting procedure consistent with the two-dimensional spatial Fourier transform of the radiative transport equation. This method enables the development of quantitative metrics for SFD optical sampling depth in layered tissue and its dependence on both tissue optical properties and spatial frequency. We validate the computed depth-dependent probability distributions using SFD measurements in a layered phantom system with a highly scattering top layer of variable thickness supported by a highly absorbing base layer. We utilize our method to establish the spatial frequency-dependent optical sampling depth for a number of tissue types and also provide a general tool to determine such depths for tissues of arbitrary optical properties.

• Publisher: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers,S P I E - International Society for
• Subject: Animals / Brain - diagnostic imaging / Equipment Design / Fourier transforms / Frequency dependence / Frequency domain analysis / Humans / Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods / Methods / Mice / Monte Carlo Method / Monte Carlo simulation / Optical Imaging - methods / Optical properties / Photons / Physiology / Random variables / Sampling / Sensors / Simulation / Skin - diagnostic imaging / Special Section on Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging / Spectrum Analysis / Transport equations / Variable thickness