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Modeling of non-equilibrium partitioning in direct metal deposited copper–iron concentrated alloys
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Modeling of non-equilibrium partitioning in direct metal deposited copper–iron concentrated alloys
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Journal Article
Modeling of non-equilibrium partitioning in direct metal deposited copper–iron concentrated alloys
2022
Overview
The direct metal deposition (DMD) additive manufacturing process produces high cooling rates within a small melt pool and can lead to high amounts of solute trapping. These high cooling rates limit diffusion and lead to the formation of non-equilibrium phases. In this work, we utilize a numerical model to calculate the degree of solute trapping, defined as non-equilibrium partitioning. A theoretical case with overall composition fixed to 50Cu–50Fe at.%. was performed to observe the influence of increasing solidification rates. We then simulate DMD of equimolar Cu–Fe powder printed on mild steel substrate and the calculated non-equilibrium phase compositions were consistent with experimental observations reported earlier on this alloy composition. For a single deposited track, cooling rates are high enough to yield significant solute trapping. The degree of solute trapping is highest near the free surface and has a gradient that correlates with the cooling rate gradient.
Graphical abstract
Publisher
Springer International Publishing,Springer Nature B.V,Materials Research Society
Subject
