Journal Article

Gaussian bare‑bone JAYA algorithm for multi-threshold medical image segmentation

Heidari, Ali Asghar, Zhang, Jiyong, Zhang, Guodao, Yang, Shengbo, Miao, Xinjun, Zhou, Xiaofei, Chen, Huiling, Zheng, Bolun

2025

Overview

Segmentation of medical images is a crucial step in medical diagnosis, essential for accurate disease detection and treatment planning. However, traditional multi-threshold image segmentation techniques often face challenges such as high computational demands and susceptibility to local optima. This study aims to address these challenges by introducing an enhanced optimization algorithm, GBJAYA, which integrates the Gaussian bare-bone strategy to improve segmentation performance. The proposed GBJAYA algorithm incorporates Gaussian-distributed random number update mechanisms to enhance global search capabilities and accelerate convergence. The algorithm’s effectiveness was evaluated through experiments on IEEE CEC2017 benchmark functions and two types of medical images. Performance was assessed using metrics such as PSNR, SSIM, and FSIM, and statistical validation was conducted using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests. The results demonstrate that GBJAYA outperforms 10 basic and 10 improved algorithms, achieving lower mean values and smaller standard deviations in most tests. The algorithm exhibited superior segmentation performance and stability, as confirmed by convergence curve analysis, which also highlighted its rapid convergence and ability to avoid local optima. The GBJAYA significantly enhances medical image segmentation, offering superior performance, stability, and fast convergence. These findings demonstrate its broad potential for application in medical diagnosis and treatment planning.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
• Subject: 2D kapur’s entropy / 639/705/117 / 692/308 / 692/699 / Accuracy / Algorithms / Bone and Bones - diagnostic imaging / Convergence / Diagnosis / Disease detection / Efficiency / Entropy / Humanities and Social Sciences / Humans / Image processing / Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods / JAYA optimization algorithm / Medical image segmentation / Methods / Multi-threshold image segmentation / multidisciplinary / Normal Distribution / Optimization algorithms / Optimization techniques / Performance evaluation / Remote sensing / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Swarm intelligence optimization