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Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., and Entamoeba spp. infecting domestic and feral/stray cats in Jordan
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Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., and Entamoeba spp. infecting domestic and feral/stray cats in Jordan
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Journal Article
Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., and Entamoeba spp. infecting domestic and feral/stray cats in Jordan
2024
Overview
This study aimed to carry out a molecular screening for the presence of
Giardia
,
Cryptosporidium
, and/or
Entamoeba
in the feces of pet and stray/feral cats in Jordan.
G. duodenalis
was found in 27.9% (95% CI, 23.2–32.9) of the 348 sampled cats overall;
E. histolytica
was found in only 0.6% (95% CI, 0.1–2.1) of the cats, while none of the sampled cats had
Cryptosporidium
infections. The infection rate of
G. duodenalis
among indoor cats (32.3%) did not differ significantly from that among outdoor cats (24.1%). There were significantly more infections (
p
= 0.0004) geographically in the cold semiarid areas (67%) than in the cold desert areas (24%). Multilocus sequence typing analysis of amplicons based on the
bg
,
tpi
, and
gdh
genes revealed that the majority of
G. duodenalis
infections were zoonotic assemblage B (65.9%; 64 of 97 positive samples); followed by feline-specific assemblage F (18.5%, 18/97); cattle-specific assemblage E (5.2%, 5/97); and then assemblage C that was shared with canids (1.0%; 1/97). Within
Giardia
isolates, a substitution mutation (A/G) was found at position 297 of the complete protein coding sequence (cds) of
tpi
-assemblage B, which may represent a new spreading mutation within this gene among the cat population in Jordan. The results of the present study suggest that close human-cat interactions could play a role in zoonotic transmission of
Giardia
, but further research is needed to determine the possible contribution of cats to the transmission of other protozoa to humans.
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
/ Amoeba
/ Animals
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Canidae
/ Cats
/ cold
/ Cryptosporidiosis - epidemiology
/ Cryptosporidiosis - parasitology
/ Cryptosporidium - classification
/ Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification
/ Diarrhea
/ Entamoeba - isolation & purification
/ Entamoebiasis - epidemiology
/ Entamoebiasis - parasitology
/ Feces
/ Genes
/ Genotype
/ Giardia
/ Giardia lamblia - classification
/ Giardia lamblia - isolation & purification
/ Identification and classification
/ Jordan
/ Mutation
/ Pets
/ Protozoa
/ Zoonoses
