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Transformation of Alternaria dauci demonstrates the involvement of two polyketide synthase genes in aldaulactone production and fungal pathogenicity
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Transformation of Alternaria dauci demonstrates the involvement of two polyketide synthase genes in aldaulactone production and fungal pathogenicity
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Journal Article
Transformation of Alternaria dauci demonstrates the involvement of two polyketide synthase genes in aldaulactone production and fungal pathogenicity
2025
Overview
Chemical warfare between the host and the pathogen plays a crucial role in plant-necrotrophic pathogen interactions, but examples of its involvement in quantitative disease resistance in plants are poorly documented. In the
Daucus carota-Alternaria dauci
pathosystem, the novel toxin aldaulactone has been identified as a key factor in both fungal pathogenicity and the carrot’s partial resistance to the pathogen. Bioinformatic analyses have pinpointed a secondary metabolism gene cluster that harbors two polyketide synthase genes,
AdPKS7
and
AdPKS8
, that are likely responsible for the biosynthesis of aldaulactone. Here, we present the functional validation of
AdPKS7
and
AdPKS8
as genes responsible for aldaulactone production in
A. dauci
. We generated
A. dauci
knock-out mutants for
AdPKS7
and
AdPKS8
by replacing essential domains with a hygromycin resistance gene, marking the first reported case of genetic manipulation in
A. dauci
. Following transformation, the mutants were analyzed for toxin production via HPLC-UV and assessed for pathogenicity
in planta
. Aldaulactone production was abolished in all PKS mutants, which also exhibited significantly reduced pathogenicity on H1-susceptible carrot leaves. These findings confirm the roles of
AdPKS7
and
AdPKS8
in aldaulactone biosynthesis and their contribution to fungal pathogenicity.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 631/326
/ 631/449
/ Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
/ Carrots
/ Daucus carota - microbiology
/ Enzymes
/ Fungal Proteins - metabolism
/ Fungi
/ Genes
/ Genomes
/ Genomics
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Mutants
/ Phytopathology and phytopharmacy
/ Plant Diseases - microbiology
/ Plasma
/ Polyketide Synthases - genetics
/ Polyketide Synthases - metabolism
/ Science
/ Toxin
/ Toxins
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