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Surface PD-L1, E-cadherin, CD24, and VEGFR2 as markers of epithelial cancer stem cells associated with rapid tumorigenesis
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Surface PD-L1, E-cadherin, CD24, and VEGFR2 as markers of epithelial cancer stem cells associated with rapid tumorigenesis
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Journal Article
Surface PD-L1, E-cadherin, CD24, and VEGFR2 as markers of epithelial cancer stem cells associated with rapid tumorigenesis
2017
Overview
Cancer cells require both migratory and tumorigenic property to establish metastatic tumors outside the primary microenvironment. Identifying the characteristic features of migratory cancer stem cells with tumorigenic property is important to predict patient prognosis and combat metastasis. Here we established one epithelial and two mesenchymal cell lines from ascites of a bladder cancer patient (i.e. cells already migrated outside primary tumor). Analyses of these cell lines demonstrated that the epithelial cells with surface expression of PD-L1, E-cadherin, CD24, and VEGFR2 rapidly formed tumors outside the primary tumor microenvironment in nude mice, exhibited signatures of immune evasion, increased stemness, increased calcium signaling, transformation, and novel E-cadherin–RalBP1 interaction. The mesenchymal cells on the other hand, exhibited constitutive TGF-β signaling and were less tumorigenic. Hence, targeting epithelial cancer stem cells with rapid tumorigenesis signatures in future might help to combat metastasis.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 13/106
/ 13/2
/ Ascites
/ Cancer
/ Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - genetics
/ Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - metabolism
/ Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition - genetics
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Neoplastic Stem Cells - metabolism
/ Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
/ Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
/ Science
/ Tumors
/ Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 - metabolism
