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Dynamic Fluid Connectivity Controls Solute Dispersion in Multiphase Porous Media Flow
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Dynamic Fluid Connectivity Controls Solute Dispersion in Multiphase Porous Media Flow
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Journal Article
Dynamic Fluid Connectivity Controls Solute Dispersion in Multiphase Porous Media Flow
2023
Overview
Solute transport in multiphase flow through porous media plays a central role in many natural systems and geoengineering applications. The interplay between fluid flow and capillary forces leads to transient flow dynamics and phase distributions. However, it is not known how such dynamic flow affects the dispersion of transported species. Here, we use highly resolved numerical simulations of immiscible two‐phase flow to investigate dispersion in multiphase flows. We show that repeated activation and deactivation of different flow pathways under the effect of capillary forces accelerates the spreading of solutes compared to single phase flow. We establish the transport laws under dynamic multiphase flows by linking the dispersion coefficient to the Bond number, the ratio of the force driving the flow and the surface tension. Our results determine the controlling factors for solute dispersion in porous media, opening a range of applications for understanding and controlling transport in porous geological systems. Plain Language Summary When a single fluid flows through porous media such as soils or geological reservoirs, the transport of contaminants, nutrients, microorganisms, and chemicals is fairly well understood. When two or more fluids flow together, these transport phenomena have largely not been considered despite their importance in many natural systems. Forces between the flowing fluids and the solid boundaries may create large variations in the local flow rates and form time‐varying flow pathways, which can in turn accelerate solute spreading. Here, we use extensive computer simulations of flow to suggest a new theory for how solute spread in systems of two fluids flowing through porous media which may help us understand and control transport properties in natural systems. Key Points Solute dispersion in multiphase flow is significantly amplified by dynamic fluid connectivity We derive a scaling law for the solute dispersion in multiphase systems applicable to a wide range of subsurface geosystems We propose a phase diagram for the dispersion coefficient in terms of Capillary and Péclet numbers
