Journal Article

Natural Leishmania ( Viannia ) infections of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) indicate classical and alternative transmission cycles of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Guiana Shield, Brazil

de Souza, Adelson Alcimar Almeida, Shaw, Jeffrey, da Rocha Barata, Iorlando, Lima, José Aprígio Nunes, Ishikawa, Edna Aoba Yassui, Ginouves, Marine, Jennings, Yara Lúcia Lins, dos Santos, Thiago Vasconcelos, das Graças Soares Silva, Maria, Prévot, Ghislaine, Silveira, Fernando Tobias

2017

Overview

From 1996 to 1999 multi-trapping methods (Center of Diseases Control, CDC) light traps, light-baited Shannon traps, and aspiration on tree bases) were used to study the phlebotomine fauna of the \"Serra do Navio\" region of the Brazilian State of Amapá, which is part of the Guiana Shield. Fifty-three species were identified among 8,685 captured individuals. The following species, associated with the transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Amazonian Brazil, were captured: Nyssomyia umbratilis (3,388), Psychodopygus squamiventris maripaensis (995), Ny. anduzei (550), Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis (400), Ny. whitmani (291), Ps. paraensis (116), and Bichromomyia flaviscutellata (50). Flagellate infections were detected in 45 flies. Of the 19 parasites isolated in vitro, 15 were Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis (13 in Ny. umbratilis, 1 in Ny. whitmani, 1 in Ny. anduzei) and three were L. (V.) naiffi (2 in Ps. s. maripaensis, 1 in Ny. anduzei). The results indicate the participation of three phlebotomine species in the transmission of L. (V.) guyanensis and two species in that of L. (V.) naiffi, and show that the same phlebotomine species is involved in the transmission of different Leishmania (Viannia) species in the Guianan/Amazon region. A review of the literature together with the results of the present study, and other published and unpublished results, indicate that eight phlebotomine species potentially participate in the transmission of Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi in Amazonia.

• Publisher: EDP Sciences
• Subject: Animals / Bacteriology / Biochemistry, Molecular Biology / Brazil / Climate / Control methods / Cutaneous leishmaniasis / Female / Genetics / Guiana Shield / Human health and pathology / Infectious diseases / Insect Vectors - classification / Insect Vectors - parasitology / Isoenzymes - analysis / Leishmania / Leishmania - classification / Leishmania - enzymology / Leishmania - genetics / Leishmania - isolation & purification / Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - transmission / Life Sciences / Light traps / Literature reviews / Male / Microbiology and Parasitology / Mining / Molecular biology / Mycology / Natural infection / Parasites / Parasitic diseases / Parasitology / Phlebotomine / Polymerase Chain Reaction / Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length / Populations and Evolution / Psychodidae / Psychodidae - classification / Psychodidae - parasitology / Seasons / Species / Vector-borne diseases / Virology