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Decadal demographic shifts and size-dependent disturbance responses of corals in a subtropical warming hotspot
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Decadal demographic shifts and size-dependent disturbance responses of corals in a subtropical warming hotspot
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Journal Article
Decadal demographic shifts and size-dependent disturbance responses of corals in a subtropical warming hotspot
2024
Overview
Long-term demographic studies at biogeographic transition zones can elucidate how body size mediates disturbance responses. Focusing on subtropical reefs in eastern Australia, we examine trends in the size-structure of corals with contrasting life-histories and zoogeographies surrounding the 2016 coral bleaching event (2010–2019) to determine their resilience and recovery capacity. We document demographic shifts, with disproportionate declines in the number of small corals and long-term persistence of larger corals. The incidence of bleaching (
Pocillopora
,
Turbinaria
) and partial mortality (
Acropora, Pocillopora
) increased with coral size, and bleached corals had greater risk of partial mortality. While endemic
Pocillopora
experienced marked declines, decadal stability of
Turbinaria
despite bleaching, coupled with abundance increase and bleaching resistance in
Acropora
indicate remarkable resilience of these taxa in the subtropics. Declines in the number of small corals and variable associations with environmental drivers indicate bottlenecks to recovery mediated by inhibitory effects of thermal extremes for
Pocillopora
(heat stress) and
Acropora
(heat and cold stress), and stimulatory effects of chlorophyll-
a
for
Turbinaria
. Although our study reveals signs of resilience, it foreshadows the vulnerability of subtropical corals to changing disturbance regimes that include marine heatwaves. Disparity in population dynamics suggest that subtropical reefs are ecologically distinct from tropical coral reefs.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
