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Development of peripheral lymphoid organs and natural killer cells depends on the helix–loop–helix inhibitor Id2
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Development of peripheral lymphoid organs and natural killer cells depends on the helix–loop–helix inhibitor Id2
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Journal Article
Development of peripheral lymphoid organs and natural killer cells depends on the helix–loop–helix inhibitor Id2
1999
Overview
Transcription factors with a basic helix–loop–helix (HLH) motif have been shown to be crucial for various cell differentiation processes during development of multicellular organisms
1
. Id proteins inhibit the functions of these transcription factors in a dominant-negative manner by suppressing their heterodimerization partners through the HLH domains
2
,
3
,
4
. Members of the Id family also promote cell proliferation
4
,
5
, implying a role in the control of cell differentiation. Here we show that Id2 is indispensable for normal development of mice.
Id2
−/−
mice lack lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. However, their splenic architecture is normal, exhibiting T-cell and B-cell compartments and distinct germinal centres. The cell population that produces lymphotoxins, essential factors for the development of secondary lymphoid organs
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
,
10
,
11
, is barely detectable in the
Id2
−/−
intestine. Furthermore, the null mutants show a greatly reduced population of natural killer (NK) cells, which is due to an intrinsic defect in NK-cell precursors. Our results indicate that Id2 has an essential role in the generation of peripheral lymphoid organs and NK cells.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
/ DNA-Binding Proteins - physiology
/ Embryonic and Fetal Development - physiology
/ Female
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ Genes
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 2
/ Killer Cells, Natural - cytology
/ letter
/ Lymphocyte Subsets - cytology
/ Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology
/ Lymphocyte Subsets - metabolism
/ Lymphoid cells: ontogeny, maturation, markers, receptors, circulation and recirculation
/ Lymphoid Tissue - abnormalities
/ Lymphoid Tissue - growth & development
/ Lymphotoxin-alpha - biosynthesis
/ Male
/ Mice
/ Peyer's Patches - abnormalities
/ Proteins
/ Rodents
/ Science
