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Mutations in Gordonia amarae mycolic acid biosynthetic pathway confer resistance to Patescibacteria parasite Mycosynbacter amalyticus
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Mutations in Gordonia amarae mycolic acid biosynthetic pathway confer resistance to Patescibacteria parasite Mycosynbacter amalyticus
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Journal Article
Mutations in Gordonia amarae mycolic acid biosynthetic pathway confer resistance to Patescibacteria parasite Mycosynbacter amalyticus
2025
Overview
The obligate necrotrophic parasite,
Candidatus
Mycosynbacter amalyticus, a member of the Patescibacteria has been isolated from wastewater. Subsequent efforts have been directed toward unravelling its biological lifecycle and attachment mechanism facilitating infection and subsequent lysis of its
Actinobacterial
host,
Gordonia amarae
. Here, using electron cryo-tomography (CryoET), we reveal the molecular anatomy of parasitic Mycosynbacter amalyticus cells, uncovering an unusual infection process. Through laboratory-based evolution experiments, we generated eleven slow-growing independent spontaneous
Gordonia amarae
resistant mutants. Mycolic acids (MA) are key components of the outer cellular envelope of
G. amarae
and other
Actinobacteria
, with MA being the physical attribute implicated in
G. amarae
associated wastewater foaming. CryoET and genome sequencing exposed absence of intact MA and an associated suite of mutations predominantly occurring within the
pks13
and
pptT
genes of the MA biosynthetic pathway. Our findings suggest that MA structural integrity is critical for attachment of
Ca
. Mycosynbacter amalyticus to its host.
Here, Rose et al show that
Ca
. M. amalyticus (Patescibacterium) infection and lysis depend on the presence of mycolic acid in its host bacterium
Gordonia amarae
.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
