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Efficient solar water-splitting using a nanocrystalline CoO photocatalyst
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Efficient solar water-splitting using a nanocrystalline CoO photocatalyst
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Journal Article
Efficient solar water-splitting using a nanocrystalline CoO photocatalyst
2014
Overview
The generation of hydrogen from water using sunlight could potentially form the basis of a clean and renewable source of energy. Various water-splitting methods have been investigated previously
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
,
8
, but the use of photocatalysts to split water into stoichiometric amounts of H
2
and O
2
(overall water splitting) without the use of external bias or sacrificial reagents is of particular interest because of its simplicity and potential low cost of operation
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
. However, despite progress in the past decade, semiconductor water-splitting photocatalysts (such as (Ga
1−
x
Zn
x
)(N
1−
x
O
x
)) do not exhibit good activity beyond 440 nm (refs
1
,
2
,
9
) and water-splitting devices that can harvest visible light typically have a low solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of around 0.1%
6
,
7
. Here we show that cobalt(
II
) oxide (CoO) nanoparticles can carry out overall water splitting with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of around 5%. The photocatalysts were synthesized from non-active CoO micropowders using two distinct methods (femtosecond laser ablation and mechanical ball milling), and the CoO nanoparticles that result can decompose pure water under visible-light irradiation without any co-catalysts or sacrificial reagents. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, we show that the high photocatalytic activity of the nanoparticles arises from a significant shift in the position of the band edge of the material.
Cobalt oxide nanoparticles can carry out overall water splitting with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of around 5%.
