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Abundance and transmission of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes through mobile genetic elements in integrated chicken and fish farming system
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Abundance and transmission of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes through mobile genetic elements in integrated chicken and fish farming system
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Journal Article
Abundance and transmission of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes through mobile genetic elements in integrated chicken and fish farming system
2025
Overview
Integrated chicken and fish farming systems, common in Bangladesh, present significant public health risks due to the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFGs) through mobile genetic elements (MGEs). This study employs metagenomic sequencing to explore the diversity and abundance of ARGs, VFGs, and MGEs in various environmental samples from these farming systems. A total of 384 ARGs were detected, with tetracycline resistance genes such as
tetM
and
tetX
being the most abundant, alongside macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin and aminoglycoside resistance genes. Droppings harbored the highest proportion of ARGs (62.2%), whereas sediment served as a reservoir for multi-metal resistance genes. Virulence factors associated with immune modulation, such as
pvdL
and
tssH
, and biofilm formation genes like
algC
were particularly prevalent in sediment and droppings. Among MGEs, plasmids and transposons like Tn6072 and Tn4001 were the most abundant, playing a critical role in horizontal gene transfer. Bacterial genera including
Bacteroides
,
Clostridium
, and
Escherichia
were strongly associated with MGEs, indicating their role in the dissemination of resistance and virulence traits. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in the abundance of ARGs, VFGs, and MGEs across sample types, with sediment and droppings identified as hotspots for gene exchange. These findings underscore the urgent need for improved antibiotic stewardship and waste management practices to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance and pathogenic bacteria within integrated farming environments.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Portfolio
