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Single–dose methylphenidate induces shift in functional connectivity associated with positive longer term clinical response in adult attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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Single–dose methylphenidate induces shift in functional connectivity associated with positive longer term clinical response in adult attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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Journal Article
Single–dose methylphenidate induces shift in functional connectivity associated with positive longer term clinical response in adult attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder
2025
Overview
Stimulants, such as methylphenidate (MPH), are beneficial for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but individual response varies. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underpinning response is needed. Previous studies suggest that a single MPH dose modulates resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc). We investigated whether single-dose induced rs-fc changes were associated with post-dose optimization clinical response. Fifty-six adults with ADHD underwent rs-functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) under placebo and a single MPH dose, before starting MPH treatment. Clinical response was measured at two months. We tested if a single MPH dose (vs. placebo) shifted rs-fc; how these shifts were associated with treatment response (categorical approach); and whether these associations were driven by improvement on either ADHD symptom domain. A single MPH dose (vs. placebo) increased rs-fc in three subcortical-cortical and cerebellar-cortical clusters. Enhanced rs-fc between the cerebellar vermis (lobule 6) and the left precentral gyrus was associated with a greater probability of responding to treatment (χ
2
(7) = 22.740,
p
= .002) and with an improvement on both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms (both
p
≤ .001). We provide proof-of-concept that the brain functional response to a single MPH dose, administered before starting routine treatment, is indicative of two-month clinical response in adult ADHD. This may encourage future replication using clinically applicable measures.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ ADHD
/ Adult
/ Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnostic imaging
/ Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - drug therapy
/ Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology
/ Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
/ Central Nervous System Stimulants - administration & dosage
/ Central Nervous System Stimulants - therapeutic use
/ Female
/ Functional magnetic resonance imaging
/ Functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Methylphenidate - administration & dosage
/ Methylphenidate - therapeutic use
/ Placebos
/ Science
