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Estimating neutralising antibody responses against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants utilising convalescent sera before the roll-out of XBB-lineage vaccines
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Estimating neutralising antibody responses against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants utilising convalescent sera before the roll-out of XBB-lineage vaccines
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Journal Article
Estimating neutralising antibody responses against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants utilising convalescent sera before the roll-out of XBB-lineage vaccines
2025
Overview
SARS-CoV-2 immune escape variants can alter existing vaccine effectiveness. In September 2023, we aimed to predict the neutralising response against BA.2.86 offered by XBB-lineage vaccines before vaccine roll-out utilising XBB.1.5 convalescent sera. We then assessed the response to XBB-lineage boosters from different individuals in the same cohort.
A total of 78 sera samples (pre/post-XBB.1.5 infection and pre/post-XBB-lineage vaccination) were tested for live microneutralisation against SARS-CoV-2 Victoria and Omicron subvariants. Geometric means (GM) of neutralising antibody titres (nAbT) pre- and post-infection/vaccination were compared.
After XBB.1.5 infection, a 4-fold increase in neutralising antibody titres against BA.2.86 was observed compared to pre-infection titres (GM 51 vs 210, p ≤ 0.0001). A similar increase in BA.2.86 nAbT was seen post-XBB-lineage vaccination (GM 144 vs 600, fold change = 4.17, p ≤ 0.0001).
XBB.1.5 infection was a suitable proxy to predict the neutralisation response following XBB-lineage vaccination. Our findings may support future vaccine development and vaccination strategies.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Elsevier Limited
Subject
/ Aged
/ Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood
/ Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology
/ Antibodies, Viral - immunology
/ Biobanks
/ COVID-19
/ COVID-19 - prevention & control
/ COVID-19 Vaccines - administration & dosage
/ COVID-19 Vaccines - immunology
/ Female
/ geometry
/ Humans
/ Immunity
/ Male
/ Mutation
/ Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
/ Vaccines
