Journal Article

Pneumonia and Respiratory Failure from Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) in Mexico

de la Rosa-Zamboni, Daniela, Mondragon, Edgar, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Rojas-Serrano, Jorge, Higuera, Anjarath, Corrales, Ariel, Bautista, Edgar, Ramirez-Venegas, Alejandra, Ponce de Leon, Samuel, Quiñones-Falconi, Francisco, Hernandez, Mauricio, Ormsby, Christopher E, Cordova-Villalobos, Jose Angel

2009

Overview

This case series describes the first 18 patients hospitalized with infection with novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) from March 24 through April 24, 2009, in Mexico City. More than half the patients were between 13 and 47 years of age, and most had been healthy previously. Respiratory distress requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation developed in 10 patients; 7 patients died. There were 22 secondary infections among health care workers, none of which required hospitalization. This case series describes the first 18 patients hospitalized with infection with novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) from March 24 through April 24, 2009, in Mexico City. In April 2009, the Mexican Secretariat of Health reported an outbreak of respiratory disease. In the affected patients, a novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) with molecular features of North American and Eurasian swine, avian, and human influenza viruses 1 – 4 was found. In the same month, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified the global spread of this virus as a public health event of international concern. After documentation of human-to-human transmission of the virus in at least three countries of two WHO regions, the WHO raised the pandemic level to 6. 5 As of May 29, 2009, Mexico had reported . . .

• Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
• Subject: Adolescent / Adult / Age Distribution / Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use / APACHE / Biological and medical sciences / Child / Child, Preschool / Emergency medical care / Female / General aspects / Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data / Human viral diseases / Humans / Illnesses / Infant / Infections / Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / Infectious diseases / Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - classification / Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - isolation & purification / Influenza, Human - complications / Influenza, Human - epidemiology / Influenza, Human - therapy / Influenza, Human - transmission / Lung - diagnostic imaging / Lung - pathology / Male / Medical sciences / Mexico - epidemiology / Middle Aged / Oseltamivir - therapeutic use / Pneumology / Pneumonia / Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology / Pneumonia, Viral - etiology / Pneumonia, Viral - mortality / Pneumonia, Viral - pathology / Public health / Radiography / Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - etiology / Respiratory Insufficiency - epidemiology / Respiratory Insufficiency - etiology / Respiratory Insufficiency - mortality / Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases / Retrospective Studies / Swine flu / Viral diseases / Viral diseases of the respiratory system and ent viral diseases / Young Adult