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Molecular Typing of Treponema pallidum in Ocular Syphilis
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Molecular Typing of Treponema pallidum in Ocular Syphilis
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Journal Article
Molecular Typing of Treponema pallidum in Ocular Syphilis
2016
Overview
BACKGROUNDSyphilis can have many clinical manifestations, including eye involvement, or “ocular syphilis.” In 2015, an increase in reported cases of ocular syphilis and potential case clusters raised concern for an oculotropic strain of Treponema pallidum, the infectious agent of syphilis. Molecular typing was used to examine strains found in cases of ocular syphilis in the United States.
METHODSIn 2015, after a clinical advisory issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, pretreatment clinical specimens from US patients with ocular syphilis were sent to a research laboratory for molecular analysis of T. pallidum DNA. Molecular typing was conducted on these specimens, and results were compared with samples collected from Seattle patients diagnosed with syphilis, but without ocular symptoms.
RESULTSSamples were typed from 18 patients with ocular syphilis and from 45 patients with syphilis, but without ocular symptoms. Clinical data were available for 14 ocular syphilis patientsmost were men, human immunodeficiency virus–infected, and had early syphilis. At least 5 distinct strain types of Treponema pallidum were identified in these patients, and 9 types were identified in the Seattle nonocular patients. 14d/g was the most common type in both groups. An unusual strain type was detected in a small cluster of ocular syphilis patients in Seattle.
CONCLUSIONSOcular syphilis is a serious sequela of syphilis. In this preliminary study, clear evidence of a predominant oculotropic strain causing ocular syphilis was not detected. Identification of cases and prompt treatment is critical in the management of ocular syphilis.
Publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a business of Wolters Kluwer Health,Copyright American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association,Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies
Subject
/ Bacteria
/ DNA
/ Eye Infections, Bacterial - diagnosis
/ Eye Infections, Bacterial - epidemiology
/ Eye Infections, Bacterial - microbiology
/ Eye Infections, Bacterial - pathology
/ Female
/ HIV
/ HIV Infections - complications
/ Human immunodeficiency virus
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Men
/ Neurosyphilis - epidemiology
/ Neurosyphilis - microbiology
/ Patients
/ Sexual and Gender Minorities
/ Sexually transmitted diseases
/ STD
/ Symptoms
/ Syphilis
/ The Real World of STD Prevention
/ Treponema pallidum - classification
/ Treponema pallidum - genetics
/ Typing
/ United States - epidemiology
/ Viruses
