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Simple Approaches to Minimally-Instrumented, Microfluidic-Based Point-of-Care Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests
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Simple Approaches to Minimally-Instrumented, Microfluidic-Based Point-of-Care Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests
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Journal Article
Simple Approaches to Minimally-Instrumented, Microfluidic-Based Point-of-Care Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests
2018
Overview
Designs and applications of microfluidics-based devices for molecular diagnostics (Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests, NAATs) in infectious disease testing are reviewed, with emphasis on minimally instrumented, point-of-care (POC) tests for resource-limited settings. Microfluidic cartridges (‘chips’) that combine solid-phase nucleic acid extraction; isothermal enzymatic nucleic acid amplification; pre-stored, paraffin-encapsulated lyophilized reagents; and real-time or endpoint optical detection are described. These chips can be used with a companion module for separating plasma from blood through a combined sedimentation-filtration effect. Three reporter types: Fluorescence, colorimetric dyes, and bioluminescence; and a new paradigm for end-point detection based on a diffusion-reaction column are compared. Multiplexing (parallel amplification and detection of multiple targets) is demonstrated. Low-cost detection and added functionality (data analysis, control, communication) can be realized using a cellphone platform with the chip. Some related and similar-purposed approaches by others are surveyed.
Publisher
MDPI AG,MDPI
Subject
/ Animals
/ Humans
/ Lab-On-A-Chip Devices - economics
/ LAMP (loop mediated amplification)
/ Microfluidic Analytical Techniques - economics
/ Microfluidic Analytical Techniques - instrumentation
/ Microfluidic Analytical Techniques - methods
/ NAAT
/ Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques - economics
/ Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques - instrumentation
/ Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques - methods
/ nucleic acid amplification test
/ Paraffin
/ Point-of-Care Systems - economics
/ Reagents
/ Review
/ RPA
/ Scientific apparatus & instruments
