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FFAR2 antagonizes TLR2- and TLR3-induced lung cancer progression via the inhibition of AMPK-TAK1 signaling axis for the activation of NF-κB
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FFAR2 antagonizes TLR2- and TLR3-induced lung cancer progression via the inhibition of AMPK-TAK1 signaling axis for the activation of NF-κB
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FFAR2 antagonizes TLR2- and TLR3-induced lung cancer progression via the inhibition of AMPK-TAK1 signaling axis for the activation of NF-κB
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Journal Article
FFAR2 antagonizes TLR2- and TLR3-induced lung cancer progression via the inhibition of AMPK-TAK1 signaling axis for the activation of NF-κB
2023
Overview
Background
Free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize microbial metabolites and conserved microbial products, respectively, and are functionally implicated in inflammation and cancer. However, whether the crosstalk between FFARs and TLRs affects lung cancer progression has never been addressed.
Methods
We analyzed the association between FFARs and TLRs using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) lung cancer data and our cohort of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient data (n = 42), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed. For the functional analysis, we generated FFAR2-knockout (
FFAR2
KO) A549 and
FFAR2
KO H1299 human lung cancer cells and performed biochemical mechanistic studies and cancer progression assays, including migration, invasion, and colony-formation assays, in response to TLR stimulation.
Results
The clinical TCGA data showed a significant down-regulation of FFAR2, but not FFAR1, FFAR3, and FFAR4, in lung cancer, and a negative correlation with TLR2 and TLR3. Notably, GSEA showed significant enrichment in gene sets related to the cancer module, the innate signaling pathway, and the cytokine-chemokine signaling pathway in FFAR2
Down
TLR2
Up
TLR3
Up
lung tumor tissues (LTTs) vs. FFAR2
up
TLR2
Down
TLR3
Down
LTTs. Functionally, treatment with propionate (an agonist of FFAR2) significantly inhibited human A549 or H1299 lung cancer migration, invasion, and colony formation induced by TLR2 or TLR3 through the attenuation of the cAMP-AMPK-TAK1 signaling axis for the activation of NF-κB. Moreover,
FFAR2
KO A549 and
FFAR2
KO H1299 human lung cancer cells showed marked increases in cell migration, invasion, and colony formation in response to TLR2 or TLR3 stimulation, accompanied by elevations in NF-κB activation, cAMP levels, and the production of C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)2, interleukin (IL)-6, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 cytokines.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that FFAR2 signaling antagonized TLR2- and TLR3-induced lung cancer progression via the suppression of the cAMP-AMPK-TAK1 signaling axis for the activation of NF-κB, and its agonist might be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of lung cancer.
Publisher
BioMed Central,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
