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Journal Article
Selective utilization of medicinal polysaccharides by human gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species
2025
Overview
Human gut
Bacteroides
and
Parabacteroides
species play crucial roles in human health and are known for their capacity to utilize diverse polysaccharides. Understanding how these bacteria utilize medicinal polysaccharides is foundational for developing polysaccharides-based prebiotics and drugs. Here, we systematically mapped the utilization profiles of 20 different medicinal polysaccharides by 28 human gut
Bacteroides
and
Parabacteroides
species. The growth profiles exhibited substantial variation across different bacterial species and medicinal polysaccharides.
Ginseng
polysaccharides promoted the growth of multiple
Bacteroides
and
Parabacteroides
species; in contrast,
Dendrobium
polysaccharides selectively promoted the growth of
Bacteroides uniformis
. This distinct utilization profile was associated with genomic variation in carbohydrate-active enzymes, rather than monosaccharides composition variation among medicinal polysaccharides. Through comparative transcriptomics and genetical manipulation, we validated that the polysaccharide utilization locus PUL34_
Bu
enabled
Bacteroides uniformis
to utilize
Dendrobium
polysaccharides (i.e. glucomannan). In addition, we found that the GH26 enzyme in PUL34_
Bu
allowed
Bacteroides uniformis
to utilize multiple plant-derived mannan. Overall, our results revealed the selective utilization of medicinal polysaccharide by
Bacteroides
and
Parabacteroides
species and provided insights into the use of polysaccharides in engineering the human gut microbiome.
Here, the authors characterize the utilization of 20 medicinal polysaccharides by 28 human gut
Bacteroides
and
Parabacteroides
species, revealing substantial variability in bacterial growth responses, which they link to genomic differences in carbohydrate-active enzymes.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 38/39
/ 38/79
/ 42/44
/ 42/70
/ 45
/ 45/77
/ 45/91
/ 82/80
/ Bacteria
/ Bacteroides - growth & development
/ Bacteroidetes - growth & development
/ Enzymes
/ Genomics
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Mannan
/ Polysaccharides - metabolism
/ Polysaccharides - pharmacology
/ Science
/ Species
