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Broad phosphorylation mediated by testis-specific serine/threonine kinases contributes to spermiogenesis and male fertility
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Broad phosphorylation mediated by testis-specific serine/threonine kinases contributes to spermiogenesis and male fertility
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Journal Article
Broad phosphorylation mediated by testis-specific serine/threonine kinases contributes to spermiogenesis and male fertility
2023
Overview
Genetic studies elucidate a link between testis-specific serine/threonine kinases (TSSKs) and male infertility in mammals, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we identify a TSSK homolog in
Drosophila
, CG14305 (termed dTSSK), whose mutation impairs the histone-to-protamine transition during spermiogenesis and causes multiple phenotypic defects in nuclear shaping, DNA condensation, and flagellar organization in spermatids. Genetic analysis demonstrates that kinase catalytic activity of dTSSK, which is functionally conserved with human TSSKs, is essential for male fertility. Phosphoproteomics identify 828 phosphopeptides/449 proteins as potential substrates of dTSSK enriched primarily in microtubule-based processes, flagellar organization and mobility, and spermatid differentiation and development, suggesting that dTSSK phosphorylates various proteins to orchestrate postmeiotic spermiogenesis. Among them, the two substrates, protamine-like protein Mst77F/Ser
9
and transition protein Mst33A/Ser
237
, are biochemically validated to be phosphorylated by dTSSK in vitro, and are genetically demonstrated to be involved in spermiogenesis in vivo. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that broad phosphorylation mediated by TSSKs plays an indispensable role in spermiogenesis.
Testis-specific serine/threonine kinases have been associated with male infertility, but the mechanism for this connection is unclear. Here they identify a
Drosophila
homolog, dTSSK, which is essential for male fertility in fruit flies and has functionally conserved catalytic activity with human TSSKs.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
