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Genetic and molecular landscapes of the generalist phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea
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Genetic and molecular landscapes of the generalist phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea
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Journal Article
Genetic and molecular landscapes of the generalist phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea
2024
Overview
Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr. (teleomorph: Botryotinia fuckeliana) is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that attacks a wide range of plants. This updated pathogen profile explores the extensive genetic diversity of B. cinerea, highlights the progress in genome sequencing, and provides current knowledge of genetic and molecular mechanisms employed by the fungus to attack its hosts. In addition, we also discuss recent innovative strategies to combat B. cinerea.
Taxonomy
Kingdom: Fungi, phylum: Ascomycota, subphylum: Pezizomycotina, class: Leotiomycetes, order: Helotiales, family: Sclerotiniaceae, genus: Botrytis, species: cinerea.
Host range
B. cinerea infects almost all of the plant groups (angiosperms, gymnosperms, pteridophytes, and bryophytes). To date, 1606 plant species have been identified as hosts of B. cinerea.
Genetic diversity
This polyphagous necrotroph has extensive genetic diversity at all population levels shaped by climate, geography, and plant host variation.
Pathogenicity
Genetic architecture of virulence and host specificity is polygenic using multiple weapons to target hosts, including secretory proteins, complex signal transduction pathways, metabolites, and mobile small RNA.
Disease control strategies
Efforts to control B. cinerea, being a high‐diversity generalist pathogen, are complicated. However, integrated disease management strategies that combine cultural practices, chemical and biological controls, and the use of appropriate crop varieties will lessen yield losses. Recently, studies conducted worldwide have explored the potential of small RNA as an efficient and environmentally friendly approach for combating grey mould. However, additional research is necessary, especially on risk assessment and regulatory frameworks, to fully harness the potential of this technology.
Botrytis cinerea is a generalist fungal phytopathogen with high genetic diversity that utilizes diverse signalling cascades to infect a wide range of hosts.
