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Natural variation of GNP2 enhances grain number to benefit rice yield
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Journal Article
Natural variation of GNP2 enhances grain number to benefit rice yield
2025
Overview
Natural variations provide valuable genetic resources for improving rice grain number per panicle (GNP). Here, our genome-wide association study (GWAS) identifies GNP2 and GNP5 as key regulators of GNP that enhance rice yield.
GNP5
encodes a bZIP transcription factor binding to the S5779181 locus in the
GNP2
promoter, where natural variation significantly influences GNP.
GNP2
encodes a conserved GSK3-like kinase that phosphorylates and stabilizes Gnp4/LAX2. The phosphorylated Gnp4/LAX2
T175,262D
promotes yield by modulating transcription factors involved in panicle development. Haplotype analysis reveals an elite allele combination (Type I) of
GNP5
and
GNP2
that significantly increases GNP. Field trials demonstrate that enhanced
GNP2
expression raises yield by approximately 10%. Our findings thus uncover a genetic resource with application potential for enhancing rice yield.
Grain number per panicle (GNP) is a yield-determining trait of rice. Here, the authors identify a GSK3-like kinase-encoding gene
GNP2
and a bZIP transcription factor-encoding gene
GNP5
, demonstrating their synergistic regulation of GNP and showing that specific allele combinations of these genes enhance rice yield in field conditions.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 38/39
/ 38/43
/ 45/111
/ 82/1
/ 82/80
/ 96/63
/ Alleles
/ Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors - genetics
/ Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors - metabolism
/ Edible Grain - growth & development
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
/ Genes
/ Genome-wide association studies
/ Genome-Wide Association Study
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Kinases
/ Mutation
/ Oryza - growth & development
/ Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
/ Rice
/ Science
