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Early effectiveness of the BNT162b2 KP.2 vaccine against COVID-19 in the US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
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Early effectiveness of the BNT162b2 KP.2 vaccine against COVID-19 in the US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
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Journal Article
Early effectiveness of the BNT162b2 KP.2 vaccine against COVID-19 in the US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
2025
Overview
This test-negative case-control study within the US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System aims to estimate early vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the BNT162b2 KP.2 vaccine (2024–2025 formulation) compared to not receiving the KP.2 vaccine against COVID-19 outcomes. The study includes adult patients (age ≥18 years) with an acute respiratory infection (ARI) in hospital, emergency department and urgent care (ED/UC), or outpatient settings between September 5 and November 30, 2024. Separate multivariable logistic regression models compare the odds of receiving BNT162b2 KP.2 vaccine among SARS-CoV-2 positive cases and test-negative controls within each ARI outcome category, while adjusting for potentially confounding variables. Among 44,598 ARI episodes, VE is 68% (42–82%), 57% (46–65%), and 56% (36–69%) against COVID-19-associated hospitalizations, emergency department and urgent care visits, and outpatient visits, respectively. Uptake of updated COVID-19 vaccines is low (3.7%).
mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have been updated to the SARS-CoV-2 KP.2 variant of concern, due to its emergence in early 2024. Using data from the US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, the authors here estimate that the BNT162b2 KP.2-adapted vaccine is 56‒68% effective at preventing a range of COVID-19 outcomes during the early part of the 2024–2025 respiratory virus season.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ Adult
/ Aged
/ Ambulatory Care - statistics & numerical data
/ COVID-19
/ COVID-19 - prevention & control
/ COVID-19 Vaccines - administration & dosage
/ COVID-19 Vaccines - immunology
/ Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data
/ Female
/ Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Male
/ mRNA
/ Science
/ Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
/ United States - epidemiology
/ United States Department of Veterans Affairs
/ Vaccines
/ Veterans
