Journal Article

Chronic HIV Transcription, Translation, and Persistent Inflammation

Kilroy, Jonathan M., Henderson, Andrew J., Leal, Andrew A.

2024

Overview

People with HIV exhibit persistent inflammation that correlates with HIV-associated comorbidities including accelerated aging, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and neuroinflammation. Mechanisms that perpetuate chronic inflammation in people with HIV undergoing antiretroviral treatments are poorly understood. One hypothesis is that the persistent low-level expression of HIV proviruses, including RNAs generated from defective proviral genomes, drives the immune dysfunction that is responsible for chronic HIV pathogenesis. We explore factors during HIV infection that contribute to the generation of a pool of defective proviruses as well as how HIV-1 mRNA and proteins alter immune function in people living with HIV.

• Publisher: MDPI AG
• Subject: Analysis / antiretroviral agents / Antiretroviral drugs / Antiviral agents / Ataxia / Cardiovascular diseases / Care and treatment / Cell cycle / Chronic infection / Comorbidity / defective proviruses / Development and progression / DNA damage / DNA repair / Genetic transcription / genome / Genomes / Genomics / Health aspects / Highly active antiretroviral therapy / HIV / HIV (Viruses) / HIV infection / HIV infections / HIV Infections - complications / HIV Infections - immunology / HIV Infections - virology / HIV-1 - genetics / Human immunodeficiency virus / Humans / Immune response / Infections / Inflammation / Kinases / Lymphocytes / Mutation / pathogenesis / Patient outcomes / people / persistence / Protein Biosynthesis / Proteins / Proviruses / Proviruses - genetics / risk / RNA / RNA, Viral - genetics / transcription / Transcription factors / Transcription, Genetic