Journal Article

The metabolome of male and female individuals with knee osteoarthritis is influenced by 18-months of weight loss intervention: the IDEA trial

Loeser, Richard F., Welhaven, Hope D., Messier, Stephen P., Bothner, Brian, June, Ronald K., Welfley, Avery H.

2024

Overview

Background The Intensive Diet and Exercise for Arthritis (IDEA) trial was a randomized trial conducted to evaluate the effects of diet and exercise on osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent form of arthritis. Various risk factors, including obesity and sex, contribute to OA’s debilitating nature. While diet and exercise are known to improve OA symptoms, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these interventions, as well as effects of participant sex, remain elusive. Methods Serum was obtained at three timepoints from IDEA participants assigned to groups of diet, exercise, or combined diet and exercise ( n  = 10 per group). A randomly selected subset of serum samples were extracted and analyzed via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with metabolomic profiling to unveil mechanisms associated with types of intervention and disease. Extracted serum was pooled and fragmentation patterns were analyzed to identify metabolites that statistically differentially regulated between groups. Results Changes in metabolism across male and female IDEA participants after 18-months of diet, exercise, and combined diet and exercise intervention mapped to lipid, amino acid, carbohydrate, vitamin, and matrix metabolism. The diverse metabolic landscape detected across IDEA participants shows that intervention type differentially impacts the serum metabolome of OA individuals. Moreover, dissimilarities in the serum metabolome corresponded with participant sex. Conclusions These findings suggest that intensive weight loss among males and females offers potential metabolic benefits for individuals with knee OA. This study provides a deeper understanding of dysregulation occurring during OA development in parallel with various interventions, potentially paving the way for improved interventions, treatments, and quality of life of those impacted by OA. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT00381290, Registered, 9/25/2006.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Aged / Amino acids / Body weight loss / Carbohydrate metabolism / Care and treatment / Chromatography / Clinical trials / Diet / Diet therapy / Diet, Reducing - methods / Epidemiology / Exercise / Exercise therapy / Exercise Therapy - methods / Female / Females / Health aspects / Humans / Intensive care / Internal Medicine / Intervention / Knee / Knee pain / Lipid metabolism / Liquid chromatography / Male / Males / Mass spectrometry / Mass spectroscopy / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Metabolism / Metabolites / Metabolome - physiology / Metabolomics / Metabolomics - methods / Middle Aged / Molecular modelling / NMR / Nuclear magnetic resonance / Obesity / Obesity - blood / Obesity - metabolism / Obesity - therapy / Orthopedics / Osteoarthritis / Osteoarthritis, Knee - blood / Osteoarthritis, Knee - metabolism / Osteoarthritis, Knee - therapy / Quality of life / Rehabilitation / Rheumatology / Risk factors / Scientific imaging / Sex / Sex Factors / Sports Medicine / Testing / Treatment Outcome / Urine / Weight control / Weight loss / Weight Loss - physiology