Journal Article

Non-invasive ventilation indication for critically ill cancer patients admitted to the intensive care unit for acute respiratory failure (ARF) with associated cardiac dysfunction: Results from an observational study

Saillard, Colombe, Chow-Chine, Laurent, Mallet, Damien, Mokart, Djamel, Sannini, Antoine, Bisbal, Magali, Faucher, Marion

2020

Overview

Background Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a life-threatening complication in onco-hematology patients. Optimal ventilation strategy in immunocompromised patients has been highly controversial over the last decade. Data are lacking on patients presenting with ARF associating isolated cardiac dysfunction or in combination with another etiology. The aim of this study was to assess prognostic impact of initial ventilation strategy in onco-hematology patients presenting ARF with associated cardiac dysfunction. Methods We conducted an observational retrospective study in Institut Paoli-Calmettes, a cancer-referral center, assessing all critically ill cancer patients admitted to the ICU for a ARF with cardiac dysfunction. Results Between 2010-2017, 127 patients were admitted. ICU and hospital mortality were 29% and 57%. Initial ventilation strategy was invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) in 21%. Others ventilation strategies were noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in 50%, associated with oxygen in 21% and high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) in 29%, HFNO alone in 6% and standard oxygen in 23%. During ICU stay, 48% of patients required intubation. Multivariate analysis identified 3 independent factors associated with ICU mortality: SAPSII at admission (OR = 1.07/point, 95%CI = 1.03-1.11, p<0.001), invasive fungal infection (OR = 7.65, 95%CI = 1.7-34.6, p = 0.008) and initial ventilation strategy (p = 0.015). Compared to NIV, HFNO alone and standard oxygen alone were associated with an increased ICU mortality, with respective OR of 19.56 (p = 0.01) and 10.72 (p = 0.01). We realized a propensity score analysis including 40 matched patients, 20 in the NIV arm and 20 receiving others ventilation strategies, excluding initial MV patients. ICU mortality was lower in patients treated with NIV (10%), versus 50% in the other arm (p = 0.037). Conclusion In onco-hematology patients admitted for ARF with associated cardiac dysfunction, severity at ICU admission, invasive fungal infections and initial ventilation strategy were independently associated with ICU mortality. NIV was a protective factor on ICU mortality.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Adult respiratory distress syndrome / Anesthesiology / Biology and Life Sciences / Cancer / Cancer patients / Care and treatment / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / Comorbidity / Complications and side effects / Critical care / Critical care medicine / Edema / Etiology / Fungi / Heart diseases / Heart failure / Hematology / High flow / Immunocompromised hosts / Infections / Intensive care / Intubation / Mechanical ventilation / Medical prognosis / Medicine and Health Sciences / Methods / Mortality / Multivariate analysis / Mycoses / Observational studies / Oxygen / Oxygen therapy / Patient outcomes / Patients / Physical Sciences / Pneumonia / Prognosis / Respiratory failure / Sepsis / Strategy / Ventilation / Ventilators